Enflurane
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (RS)-2-chloro-1-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,2-trifluoro-ethane | |
| Clinical data | |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
| Legal status | ? |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 97% |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 13838-16-9 |
| ATC code | N01AB04 |
| PubChem | CID 3226 |
| DrugBank | DB00228 |
| ChemSpider | 3113  |
| UNII | 91I69L5AY5 |
| KEGG | D00543 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:4792 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1257 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C3H2ClF5O |
| Mol. mass | 184.492 g/mol |
| SMILES
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| (what is this?) (verify) | |
Enflurane (2-chloro-1,1,2,-trifluoroethyl-difluoromethyl ether) is a halogenated ether that was commonly used for inhalational anesthesia during the 1970s and 1980s. Developed by Ross Terrell in 1963, it was first used clinically in 1966. It is no longer in common use.
Enflurane is a structural isomer of isoflurane. It vaporizes readily, but is a liquid at room temperature. It is largely replacing halothane as a general anesthetic since 1980s.[1]
Physical properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Boiling point at 1 atm | 56.5 °C |
| MAC | 1.68 |
| Vapor pressure at 20 °C | 22.9 kPa (172 mm Hg) |
| Blood:gas partition coefficient | 1.9 |
| Oil:gas partition coefficient | 98 |
Side effects
Clinically, enflurane produces a dose-related depression of myocardial contractility with an associated decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption. Between 2% and 5% of the inhaled dose is oxidised in the liver, producing fluoride ions and difluoromethoxy-difluoroacetic acid. This is significantly higher than the metabolism of its structural isomer isoflurane.
Enflurane also lowers the threshold for seizures, and should especially not be used on people with epilepsy. It is also known to cause malignant hyperthermia.
It relaxes the uterus in pregnant women.
Enflurane and methoxyflurane have a nephrotoxic effect and cause acute renal failure, usually by its nephrotoxic metabolite. [2]
References
- ↑ Niedermeyer, Ernst; Silva, F. H. Lopes da (2005). Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 1156. ISBN 978-0-7817-5126-1.
- ↑ By G. Edward Morgan, Maged S. Mikhail, Michael J. Murray, C. Philip Larson; Clinical Anaesthesiology third edition,142.
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