End extension

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In model theory and set theory, which are disciplines within mathematics, a model {\mathfrak  {B}}=\langle B,F\rangle of some axiom system of set theory T\, in the language of set theory is an end extension of {\mathfrak  {A}}=\langle A,E\rangle , in symbols {\mathfrak  {A}}\subseteq _{{\text{end}}}{\mathfrak  {B}}, if

  • {\mathfrak  {A}} is a substructure of {\mathfrak  {B}}, and
  • b\in A whenever a\in A and bFa\, hold, i.e., no new elements are added by {\mathfrak  {B}} to the elements of {\mathfrak  {A}}.

The following is an equivalent definition of end extension: {\mathfrak  {A}} is a substructure of {\mathfrak  {B}}, and \{b\in A:bEa\}=\{b\in B:bFa\} for all a\in A.

For example, \langle B,\in \rangle is an end extension of \langle A,\in \rangle if A\, and B\, are transitive sets, and A\subseteq B.

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