Empress Ma (Jianwen)

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This is a Chinese name; the family name is Ma (馬).

Empress Ma (1378–1402), formally Empress Xiaominrang (孝愍讓皇后), was the Empress Consort to Jianwen Emperor and the second Empress Consort of China's Ming Dynasty.^[1]

Family background

Born in 1378, daughter of Ma Quan (馬全). She married the Crown Prince, Zhu Yunmen, grandson of Hongwu Emperor as the Crown Princess.

As Empress

After Zhu Yunmen ascended the throne in 1399, she was made Empress. She had two sons, Zhu Wenkui, Crown Prince Hejian and Zhu Wengui, Prince Huai of Run, both posthumously honored.

Death

In 1402, Zhu Di Prince of Yan sacked Nanjing, and she committed self-immolation and died in the palace.

References

↑ "Ma (3) – (c1377 – 1395): Chinese empress consort". Retrieved 11 January 2013.

Chinese royalty
Preceded by Empress Xiaocigao	Empress of China 1399–1402	Succeeded by Empress Renxiaowen

Persondata
Name	Ma, Empress
Alternative names
Short description	Chinese empress
Date of birth	1378
Place of birth
Date of death	1402
Place of death

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