Elementary (operating system)
 | |
 elementary OS "Luna" | |
| OS family | Unix-like |
|---|---|
| Working state | Current |
| Source model | Open source |
| Initial release | 31 March 2011 |
| Latest stable release | 0.2 "Luna" / 10 August 2013[1] |
| Available language(s) | Multilingual |
| Update method | apt-get (Ubuntu Software Center) |
| Package manager | deb |
| Supported platforms | x86, x86-64 |
| Kernel type | Monolithic |
| Default user interface | Pantheon[2] |
| License | GNU GPL, LGPL, and various other free software licenses |
| Official website | elementaryos.org |
elementary OS is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. It makes use of a desktop with its own shell named Pantheon,[2] and is deeply integrated with other elementary OS applications like Plank (a dock based on Docky), Midori (the default web browser) and Scratch (a simple text editor). This distribution uses Gala as its window manager,[3] which is based on Mutter.[2]
The distribution initially started as a set of themes and applications designed for Ubuntu which later turned into its own Linux distro.[4] Being Ubuntu-based, it is compatible with its repositories and packages. It uses Ubuntu's own software center to handle installation/removal of software, though its own software center is in the making.[5] Its user interface aims at being intuitive for new users without consuming too many resources and somewhat resembles the design of Apple's OS X.[6]
Characteristics
Applications developed by the elementary OS team include:
- Pantheon Greeter: Session manager based on LightDM.[7]
- Wingpanel: Top panel, similar in function to GNOME Shell's top panel.[8]
- Slingshot: Application launcher located in WingPanel.[9]
- Plank: Dock based on Docky.[10][11]
- Switchboard: Settings application (or control panel).[12]
- Midori: Web browser based on WebKit.[13]
- Geary: Email client.[14]
- Maya (known as Calendar): Desktop calendar.[15]
- Noise (known as Music): Audio player.[16]
- Scratch: Simple text editor, comparable to gedit or Notepad[17]
- Pantheon Terminal: Terminal emulator.[18]
- Pantheon Files: File manager.[19][20]
Installation
elementary OS is a distributed free-of-charge (with an optional financial contribution to the development team) Live CD/USB, which allows users the choice to try the system out without the need to install it. The installer is Ubiquity, the default installer for Ubuntu and most of its derivatives.
Versions
The first stable version of elementary OS was Jupiter,[4] published in March 2011 and based on Ubuntu 10.10. Since October 2012, it is no longer supported and thus no longer available for download in elementary OS official web site apart from in a historical capacity.[21][22]
In November 2012, the first beta version of elementary OS code-named Luna was released, which uses Ubuntu 12.04 LTS as a base.[23] The second beta version of Luna was released on 6 May 2013, carrying more than 300 bug fixes and several changes such as improved support for multiple localizations, multiple display support and updated applications.[24][25] On 7 August 2013, a countdown clock appeared on the official website with a countdown to 10 August 2013.[26] The second stable version of elementary OS, Luna, was released that same day, along with a complete overhaul and redesign of the elementary OS website.[1]
The name of the third stable version of elementary OS, Isis, was proposed in August 2013 by Daniel Foré, the project leader.[27] It is planned to be released alongside Ubuntu 14.04, which will be released in April 2014.[27]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 11 August 2013. "elementary OS Luna says Hello World". Muktware. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Hello, Luna Beta 1". 14 Nov 2012.
- ↑ Article, Imported (2012-09-15). "Meet Gala: The Window Manager". elementary OS. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "elementary OS "Jupiter": Awesome Linux Distribution Based on Ubuntu". Askvg.com – Tweaking with Vishal. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ Article, Imported (2013-03-23). "Introducing AppCenter". elementary OS. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ http://weblogit.net/2013/08/13/elementary-os-luna-eine-mac-os-x-aehnelnde-linux-distribution-86288/
- ↑ "Pantheon Login Screen in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Wingpanel in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Slingshot in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Plank in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Plank readme". Launchpad.net. 2011-01-23. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Switchboard in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Midori in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Geary". Yorba. 2013-03-19. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Maya in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Noise in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Scratch in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Pantheon Terminal in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Files in Launchpad". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "Pantheon Files readme". Launchpad.net. 2010-11-08. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "elementary OS "Jupiter" deja de estar disponible". 2012-10-19.
- ↑ "elementary OS Jupiter no longer available for download, makes room for Luna". Web Upd8. Oct 2012.
- ↑ "elementary OS Luna beta 1 available for download". Web Upd8. Nov 2012.
- ↑ Article, Imported (2013-05-06). "Luna Beta 2 Released". elementary OS. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ "elementary OS Luna Beta 2 Released". Phoronix. 2013-05-06. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ 9 August 2013. "Mysterious countdown appears on elementary OS website". Muktware. Retrieved 2013-08-11.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 12 (2013-08-16). "Luna+1's Name and Some Other Stuff". elementary-dev-community mailing list. Retrieved 2013-09-14.
External links
- Official website
- elementary development home on Launchpad.net
- elementary at DistroWatch
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