Electro Scientific Industries

Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. (ESI) is a high technology company headquartered in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area, more specifically in Washington County, in the unincorporated Cedar Mill area north of Beaverton, U.S.A. It is a developer and supplier of photonic and laser systems for microelectronics manufacturers.^[3] Founded in 1944, it is the oldest high-tech company in Oregon.^[4][5] Along with Tektronix,^[6] and later Intel, it has spawned numerous technology-based companies in the Portland area, an area known as the Silicon Forest.^[7]

History

ESI was founded in 1944^[3] as Brown Engineering, later becoming Brown Electro-Measurement Corporation (BECO).^[8] In 1953, BECO's Douglas C. Strain and three other investors bought out Strain's partners at Brown and formed a new company, Electro-Measurements Inc., which used the brand name "ESI" in marketing. The acronym stood for "excellent scientific instruments",^[9] but the company's name remained Electro Measurements Inc. until 1959, when it was changed to "ESI, Inc." and finally in 1960 to Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. (ESI).^[10] Prior to about 2000, the company was usually referred to as having been founded in 1953.^{[1][2][11][12]} Douglas Strain was the company's CEO and board chairman from 1953 until 1980 and remained on the board (continuing as chairman until 1985, then vice chairman) until fully retiring in 1999.^[12]

In the 1950s, the company's specialty was the manufacture of high-precision resistance measuring instruments and related products.^[2] In 1970, ESI began developing laser trimming systems for resistor circuits,^[2] and soon became a leader in this field.

ESI's headquarters campus building 4

All facilities were located at S.E. 43rd & Stark in Portland until 1956, when the first stage of a new headquarters and manufacturing plant on Macadam Avenue, in South Portland, was opened. The new plant was destroyed by fire^[8] in 1957^[13] and had to be rebuilt. In 1962, ESI announced plans to create a new development called "Sunset Science Park", to be built in the Cedar Mill area of unincorporated Washington County, Oregon, designed to attract other technology companies, with ESI as an anchor.^[14] The company moved its headquarters to the Sunset Science Park location in 1963, and the manufacturing facilities followed in 1966, vacating the Macadam Avenue site. The complex on N.W. Science Park Drive, which remains ESI's headquarters today, has a Portland mailing address, but is not in the city of Portland proper; it occupies unincorporated land which is now adjacent to the city limits of Beaverton.

ESI became a publicly traded company in 1983.^[2][15] The company opened its first foreign sales office in 1978, in Munich, Germany, and later opened offices in several countries in Southeast Asia.^[16] The company now has offices for direct sales in several European countries, as well.^[17]

Several small companies were acquired by ESI in the late 1990s, including Dynamotion Corp. (of California) in 1997,^[18] Chip Star Inc. (California) in 1997,^[19] Applied Intelligent Systems Inc. (AISI) (Michigan) in 1997^[20] and Testec Corp. (Arizona) in 1999.^[21]

A new manufacturing facility was opened in Klamath Falls, Oregon, in early 2001.^[22] The company acquired California-based New Wave Research Inc. in 2007.^[23] At the beginning of 2009, Electro Scientific had around 700 employees, about half of whom were located in Oregon.^[5]

Annexation fight

In 2005, ESI joined Columbia Sportswear, Tektronix and other Washington County companies in an effort led by Nike to convince the state legislature to prohibit the practice of forcible annexation of "islands" of unincorporated land that have become surrounded by a city.^[24] The Nike effort stemmed from an aggressive annexation policy being practiced by the city of Beaverton in 2004, under which the city had added more than 500 acres (2.0 km²) of unincorporated land, including the headquarters of Leupold & Stevens^[25] (located almost adjacent to ESI, but on the opposite side of the Sunset Highway freeway). Although the headquarters of ESI and Columbia are not on "islands" surrounded by Beaverton, both directly abut the city boundary, and company officials were concerned about the likely eventual effect of the city's annexation practices should future annexations cause their properties to become part of such an island. The 2005 Oregon Legislature enacted a law prohibiting Beaverton from any forced island-type annexations for two years and additionally included language effectively banning Beaverton from forcibly annexing any of Electro Scientific Industries' property—whether an island or not—for at least 30 years.^[26][27]

Operations

ESI manufactures a variety of products for testing and repairing equipment, and particularly products designed for use by manufacturers of other high-tech products. These include laser trimming systems. Manufacturing takes place at the headquarters campus and the Klamath Falls plant, as well as a plant in Fremont, California, that was part of the acquisition of New Wave Research Inc.^[23] The company also has an engineering and development plant in Bozeman, Montana.^[28]

The NASDAQ-traded company had annual revenues of $148.9 million for fiscal year 2010, a decrease from $157.3 the previous year.^[29] As of mid-2010, the company's biggest customer is Apple Inc.,^[30] providing up to 30 percent of ESI's total sales for FY2010.^[31]

See also

• List of companies based in Oregon

References

External links

• Media related to Electro Scientific Industries at Wikimedia Commons
• ESI stock quote and profile at Bloomberg Businessweek