Eerste Divisie
 | |
| Country | Netherlands |
|---|---|
| Confederation | UEFA |
| Founded | 1956 |
| Number of teams | 20 |
| Levels on pyramid | 2 |
| Promotion to | Eredivisie |
| Relegation to | Topklasse |
| Domestic cup(s) | KNVB Cup |
| Current champions |
SC Cambuur (2012–13) |
 2013–14 Eerste Divisie | |
The Eerste Divisie (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɪːr.stə di.ˈvi.zi]; English: First Division) is the second-highest division of football in the Netherlands. It is linked with the top-level Eredivisie via a promotion/relegation system. It is also known as the Jupiler League [ʒy.pi.ˈleɪ̯ ˈlik] due to sponsorship, which is the same name as the top league in Belgium. It is now named after Jupiler Pils; previously, it was most recently known as the Gouden Gids Divisie [ˈɣʌu̯.də(n) ˈɣɪts di.ˈvi.zi] after a five-year sponsorship deal with the Dutch Yellow Pages.
History
The Eerste Divisie consists of 20 clubs, who play each other in a double round-robin league, with each club playing the other club home and away. Each club plays every other club once in the first half of the season before the league takes a winter break around the Christmas and New Year's holiday season. The second half of the season sees the same fixtures as the first half, with the stadiums changed, although the two halves are not played in the same order.
At the end of each season, the champion of the Eerste Divisie is automatically promoted to the Eredivisie. Eight other clubs enter the Nacompetitie [ˈnaː.kɔm.pə.ˌti.(t)si], a promotion/relegation playoff that includes the 16th- and 17th-place clubs in the Eredivisie. The following teams qualify for the Nacompetitie:
- The club with the best record in the "first period" of the season (after 8 rounds).
- The club with the best record in the "second period" of the season (rounds 9–16).
- The club with the best record in the "third period" of the season (rounds 17–24).
- The club with the best record in the "fourth period" of the season (rounds 25–32).
- The four remaining spots are filled at the season's end by the highest-placed clubs that have not already earned automatic promotion or qualified for the Nacompetitie.
If the club that wins a period has qualified for the Nacompetitie by winning a previous period, its place is filled by the next-best club in that period that has not already qualified. Usually, the clubs that qualify for the Nacompetitie turn out to be the 2nd- through 9th-placed clubs in the final table. Clubs in the Nacompetitie face each other in a knock-out system with the numbers 16 and 17 of the Eredivisie for two places in next season's Eredivisie.
Between seasons 1971/1972 and 2007/2009 teams could not relegate from the Eerste Divisie. From the 2009/2010 season onwards, one team has been relegated from the Eerste Divisie to the Hoofdklasse (the main amateur league and the third tier of Dutch football). Hoofdklasse clubs have been able to get promoted to the Eerste Divisie from the 2010/2011 season onwards. The KNVB has introduced an intermediate level, called Topklasse.
Before the 2008/2009 season, Hoofdklasse clubs could promote by obtaining a professional licence. However, only a club going bankrupt or losing their license could result in clubs leaving professional football. The last clubs leaving professional football in that way were FC Wageningen and VCV Zeeland in 1992, and more recently HFC Haarlem and RBC Roosendaal, who went bankrupt in January 2010 and June 2011 respectively. The most recent additions to the league were AGOVV Apeldoorn in 2003 and FC Omniworld in 2005, expanding the league to 19 and later 20 clubs. However, for the 2010/11 season, the league returned to 18 clubs, as HFC Haarlem went bankrupt and FC Oss were relegated to the newly formed Topklasse. The 2012/13 season ended with 16 teams after AGOVV and BV Veendam went bankrupt. Four teams have been added to bring the division back up to 20 teams in 2013. Achilles'29 has been promoted from the Topklasse with the reserve teams of Ajax, FC Twente and PSV being added as well.
Relegation to the Topklasse is not automatic, as clubs in the Topklasse have to announce in mid-season if they want to be eligible for promotion. Only if one of those clubs wins the Topklasse championship is a team relegated from the Eerste Divisie.
Champions
| Season | Winner | Runner Up | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1956–57 | ADO / Blauw Wit | Alkmaar '54 / Stormvogels | |
| 1957–58 | Willem II / SHS | DFC / Stormvogels | |
| 1958–59 | FC Volendam / Sittardia | Leeuwarden / Stormvogels | |
| 1959–60 | GRO / Alkmaar '54 | Vitesse / DFC | K.A.A. Gent / Sittardia |
| 1960–61 | FC Volendam / Blauw Wit | De Volewijckers / DHC | |
| 1961–62 | Heracles / Fortuna Vlaardingen | Excelsior / DHC | |
| 1962–63 | DWS | Go Ahead | |
| 1963–64 | Sittardia | Telstar | |
| 1964–65 | Willem II | Elinkwijk | |
| 1965–66 | Sittardia | Xerxes | |
| 1966–67 | FC Volendam | NEC | |
| 1967–68 | Holland Sport | AZ'67 | |
| 1968–69 | SVV | HFC Haarlem | |
| 1969–70 | FC Volendam | Excelsior | |
| 1970–71 | FC Den Bosch | GVAV | |
| 1971–72 | HFC Haarlem | AZ'67 | |
| 1972–73 | Roda JC | PEC Zwolle | |
| 1973–74 | Excelsior | Vitesse | |
| 1974–75 | NEC | FC Groningen | |
| 1975–76 | HFC Haarlem | FC VVV | |
| 1976–77 | Vitesse | PEC Zwolle | |
| 1977–78 | PEC Zwolle | MVV | |
| 1978–79 | Excelsior | FC Groningen | |
| 1979–80 | FC Groningen | FC Volendam | |
| 1980–81 | HFC Haarlem | sc Heerenveen | |
| 1981–82 | Helmond Sport | Fortuna Sittard | |
| 1982–83 | DS '79 | FC Volendam | |
| 1983–84 | MVV | FC Twente | |
| 1984–85 | SC Heracles | FC VVV | |
| 1985–86 | FC Den Haag | PEC Zwolle | |
| 1986–87 | FC Volendam | Willem II | |
| 1987–88 | RKC Waalwijk | SC Veendam | |
| 1988–89 | Vitesse | FC Den Haag | |
| 1989–90 | SVV | NAC Breda | |
| 1990–91 | De Graafschap | NAC Breda | |
| 1991–92 | Cambuur Leeuwarden | BVV Den Bosch | |
| 1992–93 | VVV-Venlo | sc Heerenveen | |
| 1993–94 | Dordrecht '90 | NEC | |
| 1994–95 | Fortuna Sittard | De Graafschap | |
| 1995–96 | AZ | FC Emmen | |
| 1996–97 | MVV | Cambuur Leeuwarden | |
| 1997–98 | AZ | Cambuur Leeuwarden | |
| 1998–99 | FC Den Bosch | FC Groningen | |
| 1999–2000 | NAC Breda | FC Zwolle | |
| 2000–01 | FC Den Bosch | Excelsior | |
| 2001–02 | FC Zwolle | Excelsior | |
| 2002–03 | ADO Den Haag | FC Emmen | |
| 2003–04 | FC Den Bosch | SBV Excelsior | |
| 2004–05 | Heracles Almelo | Sparta Rotterdam | |
| 2005–06 | Excelsior | VVV-Venlo | |
| 2006–07 | De Graafschap | VVV-Venlo | |
| 2007–08 | FC Volendam | RKC Waalwijk | |
| 2008–09 | VVV-Venlo | RKC Waalwijk | |
| 2009–10 | De Graafschap | SC Cambuur | |
| 2010–11 | RKC Waalwijk | FC Zwolle | |
| 2011–12 | FC Zwolle | Sparta Rotterdam | |
| 2012–13 | SC Cambuur | FC Volendam |
¹ Blauw Wit, De Volewijckers and DWS merged into FC Amsterdam, which folded in 1982. Now as FC Blauw-Wit Amsterdam
² Fortuna 54 merged with Sittardia to form FSC, later renamed Fortuna Sittard.
³ ADO merged with Holland Sport into FC Den Haag, later renamed to ADO Den Haag
4 Schiedamse Voetbal Vereniging (SVV) and Drecht Steden 79 (DS'79) merged into SVV/Dordecht'90. Now FC Dordrecht.
See also
- Eredivisie
- KNVB Cup
- Johan Cruijff Shield
- Football in the Netherlands
- Sports league attendances
External links
- JupilerLeague.nl – Official website Eerste Divisie (Dutch)
- KNVB.nl – Official website KNVB (Dutch) / (English)
- League321.com - Dutch football league tables, records & statistics database. (English)
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