Economy of Haryana

The economy of Haryana relies on manufacturing, retailing and information outsourcing.^{[citation needed]}

Sectors

Manufacturing

There are numerous manufacturing companies in the region. These include Hindustan National Glass, Maruti Udyog Limited, Escorts Limited, Hero, Alcatel, Sony, Whirlpool India, Bharti Telecom, Liberty Shoes and HMT. In addition there are more than 80,000 small-scale industrial units in the state which cumulatively bring in a substantial income for the state and its people. Yamunanagar district has a paper mill BILT, Haryana has a large production of cars, motorcycles, tractors, sanitary ware, glass container industry, gas stoves and scientific instruments.

Faridabad is another big industrial part of Haryana.^[1] It is home to hundreds of large scale companies like Orient fans (C.K.Birla Group), JCB India Limited, Nirigemes, Agri Machinery Group (Escorts Limited), Yamaha Motor India Pvt. Ltd., Whirlpool, ABB, Goodyear Tyres, Knorr Bremse India Pvt. Ltd. There are thousands of medium and small scale units as well, like Amrit Enterprises, McAma Industries. In fact, the town occupies a pride of a place as far as it is concerned, geographically. It is just south of Delhi, with Gurgaon on its west and Noida/Ghaziabad at its east. It is an important gateway to two most important routes in the country namely the Delhi-South India and the Delhi-Mumbai route, with town like Agra, Mathura in its vicinity. With a suspected(?) proposed airport near Ghaziabad, things can only get better. Under the newly proposed Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor project it is poised for another industrial leap. Already the town has been fortunate to get itself under the Jawahar Lal Nehru Urban Rural Management Program resulting in the development of the much neglected infrastructure, after all, there is no denying that it was, up until now, the biggest suburb of Delhi before the advent of Gurgaon in a big way and the subsequent unwanted and sometimes unnecessary attention showered to the later. With the Agra canal bisecting the city and the other part, fondly called as 'Nahar-Par' being developed, you have many housing societies being developed along with some class institutions like the engineering, medial colleges and schools. All these institutes in years to come will form an in exhaustive supply of fresh talents.

Panipat is a city of textiles and carpets. It is the biggest centre for cheap blankets and carpets in India and has a handloom weaving industry. The pickle "Pachranga International" is also well known. Panipat also has heavy industry, with a refinery of the Indian Oil Corporation, a National Thermal Power Corporation power plant and a National Fertilizers Limited plant.

Rohtak is fast emerging as an industrial town with industries such as Asian Paints, Maruti Udyog, Suzuki Motors decided to make Industrial Model Town, Rohtak their new home.

Service industry

Gurgaon, has seen emergence of an active information technology industry in the recent years. With organisations like IBM, Hewitt Associates, Dell, Convergys, United Healthcare and NIIT setting up back offices or contact centers in Gurgaon.

Macro-economic trend

This is a chart of trend of gross state domestic product of Haryana at market prices estimated by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation with figures in Crore Rupees.^[2]

The contribution of primary, secondary and tertiary sectors for the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) in 2007-08 is Rs. 21,265.92 crore, Rs. 30,919.95 crore and Rs.49,133.55 crore respectively Over 3% of the S&P CNX 500 conglomerates have corporate offices in Haryana.

Agriculture

Despite recent industrial development, Haryana is primarily an agricultural state. About 70% of residents are engaged in agriculture Wheat and rice are the major crops. Haryana is self-sufficient in food production and the second largest contributor to India's central pool of food grains. The main crops of Haryana are Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane, Cotton, Oilseeds, Gram, Barley, Corn, Millet etc. There are two main types of crops in Haryana: Rabi and Kharif. The major Kharif crops of Haryana are rice, jowar, bajra, maize, cotton, jute, sugarcane, sesame and groundnut. For these crops the ground is prepared in April and May and the seeds are sown at the commencement of rains in June. The crops are ready for harvesting by the beginning of November. The major Rabi crops are wheat, tobacco, gram, linseed, rapeseed and mustard. The ground is prepared by the end of October or the beginning of November and the crops are harvested by March.^{[citation needed]}

About 86% of the area is arable, and of that 96% is cultivated. About 75% of the area is irrigated, through tubewells and an extensive system of canals. Haryana contributed significantly to the Green Revolution in India in the 1970s that made the country self-sufficient in food production. The state has also significantly contributed to the field of agricultural education in the country. Asia's biggest agricultural University^[4] - Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University is located at Hisar and it has made a significant contribution in ushering in the 'Green Revolution' in the state. Haryana has a very fine irrigation infrastructure. Irrigation in Haryana uses water either from under the ground or from surface through canals. Numerous canals have been dug and pumps put up to make sure that the farmer doesn’t pack up and leave in times of drought. Currently in Haryana, the most important technology for groundwater irrigation is the use of tube wells with a submersible pump.^{[citation needed]}

Dairy farming

Dairy farming is also an essential part of the rural economy. Haryana has a livestock population of 98.97 lakh.^[4]Milk and milk products form an essential part of the local diet. There is a saying Desaan main des Haryana, jit doodh dahi ka khaana, which means "Best among all the countries in the world is Haryana, where the staple food is milk and yogurt". Haryana, with 660 grams of availability of milk per capita per day, ranks at number two in the country as against the national average of 232 grams.^[5][6] There is a vast network of milk societies that support the dairy industry. The National Dairy Research Institute ^[7] at Karnal, and the Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes at Hisar are instrumental in development of new breeds of cattle and propagation of these breeds through embryo transfer technology. The Murrah breed of water buffalo, whose milk is used for cheese production, originated in Haryana and Punjab.

Roads, aviation and infrastructure

The 32 lane toll gate at National Highway 8 is the largest in Asia and third largest in the world

Haryana has a total road length of 23,684 kilometers. The most remote parts of the state are linked with metaled roads. Its modern bus fleet of 3,864 buses covers a distance of 1.15 million Kilometers per day. It was the first State in the country to introduce luxury video coaches.^[8] Grand Trunk Road, commonly abbreviated to GT Road, is one of South Asia's oldest and longest major roads. It passes through the districts of Sonipat, Panipat, Karnal, Kurukshetra and Ambala in north Haryana while it is enters Delhi and subsequently the industrial town of Faridabad on its way. The state government proposes to construct Express highways and free ways for speedier vehicular traffic. The 135.6 km long Kundli-Manesar-Palwal Expressway(KMP) will provide high-speed link to northern Haryana with its southern districts such as Sonepat, Jhajjar, Gurgaon and Faridabad. The work on the project has already started and is scheduled to be completed by July. 2009.^[9] Haryana is in close contact with the cosmopolitan world, being right next to Delhi. As a result, international and domestic airports, diplomatic and commercial complexes are located in close proximity to the state.^{[citation needed]} Haryana and Delhi government has also constructed Delhi-Gurgaon Expressway which has the largest toll plaza in Asia and third largest in the world.^{[citation needed]} There is also a proposal for the Delhi Faridabad Skyway^{[citation needed]} at Badarpur and the widening of the Mathura Road passing thought Faridabad from 6 lane to 8 lanes^{[citation needed]}.

Haryana State has always given high priority to the expansion of electricity infrastructure, as it is one of the most important inputs for the development of the State. Haryana was the first State in the country to achieve 100% rural electrification in 1970, first in the country to link all villages with all weather roads and first in the country to provide safe drinking water facilities throughout the state.^[10] Haryana is well connected on the railway network also.

Communication and media

Haryana has a state-wide network of telecommunication facilities. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) and most of the leading private sector players (such as Reliance Infocom, Tata Teleservices, Bharti Telecom, Idea and Vodafone Essar) have operations in the state.^{[citation needed]} Important areas around Delhi are also an integral part of the local Delhi Mobile Telecommunication System. This network system would cover major towns like Faridabad, Gurgaon, Bahadurgarh and Kundli.^{[citation needed]}

Newspapers for the region includes Aaj Samaj, Punjab Kesari, Jagbani, Dainik Jagran, The Tribune, Amar Ujala, Hindustan Times, Dainik Bhaskar, The Times of India and Hari-Bhumi.

References