Easter Monday
Festivities
Formerly, the post-Easter festivities involved a week of secular celebration, but in many places this was reduced to one day in the 19th century. Events include egg rolling competitions and, in predominantly Roman Catholic countries, dousing other people with water which traditionally had been blessed with holy water the day before at Easter Sunday Mass and carried home to bless the house and food.
Eastern Orthodox Celebration
In the Eastern Orthodox Church[note 1] Easter Monday is known as "Bright Monday" or "Renewal Monday". The services that day, as in the rest of Bright Week, are quite different than during the rest of the year and are similar to the services on Pascha (Easter Sunday) and include an outdoor procession after the Divine Liturgy; while this is prescribed for all days of that week, often they are only celebrated on Monday and maybe a couple of other days in parish churches, especially in non-Orthodox countries. Also, when the calendar date of the feast day of a major saint, e.g., St. George or the patron saint of a church or one's name day, falls during Holy Week or on Easter Sunday, the saint's day is celebrated on Easter Monday.[1][2]
It is customarily a day for visiting family and friends and day drinking.[citation needed]
Australia
In Australia, Easter Monday is a public holiday. People enjoy outdoor sporting events, such as the Oakbank Easter Racing Carnival in South Australia, Australian Three Peaks Race in Tasmania as well as the Stawell Gift.
Egypt
In Egypt, the ancient festival of Sham El Nessim (Arabic: شم النسيم, literally meaning "smelling of the breeze") is celebrated on the Coptic (i.e. Eastern) Easter Monday, though the festival dates back to Pharonic times (about 2700 BC). It is celebrated by both Egyptian Christians and Muslims as an Egyptian national holiday rather than as a religious one. Traditional activities include painting eggs, taking meals outdoors, and eating feseekh (fermented mullet).
Ireland
In the Republic of Ireland it is a day of remembrance for the men and women who died in the Easter Rising which began on Easter Monday 1916. Until 1966, there was a parade of veterans, past the headquarters of the Irish Republican Army at the General Post Office (GPO) on O'Connell Street, and a reading of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic.
Central Europe
Śmigus-Dyngus (Polish Dyngus or lany poniedziałek, meaning Wet Monday) is the name for Easter Monday in Poland and the diaspora. In the Czech Republic it is called velikonoční pondělí. In Slovakia veľkonočný pondelok, also called Šibačka/Polievačka or Oblievačka. In Hungary Locsolkodás. All countries practice a unique custom on this day. In Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic[3] traditionally, early in the morning boys awake girls by pouring a bucket of water on their head and striking them about the legs with long thin twigs or switches made from willow, birch or decorated tree branches. Another related custom, unique to Poland, is that of sprinkling bowls (garce) of ashes on people (starts men on women) or houses, celebrated a few weeks earlier at the "półpoście." This custom is almost forgotten, but still practices in the area around the borders of Mazuria and Masovia.
In Germany, people go out into the fields early in the morning and hold Easter egg races.[4] For Roman Catholics, Easter Monday is also a Holy Day of Obligation in Germany.[5]
United States
Though not largely observed in the United States, the day remains informally observed in some areas such as the state of North Dakota, and some cities in New York, Michigan, and Indiana. Easter Monday was a public holiday in North Carolina from 1935 to 1987. Texas and Maryland schools often have two holidays on Good Friday and Easter Monday. Public schools and universities are closed on Easter Monday, usually part of spring break.
Traditionally Polish areas of the country such as Chicago, and more recently Cleveland,[6] observe Easter Monday as Dyngus Day.[7][8] In the United States, Dyngus Day celebrations are widespread and popular in Buffalo; Wyandotte and Hamtramck in Michigan; South Bend and La Porte in Indiana; and Hanover, New Hampshire.
Buffalo
The world's largest organized Dyngus Day celebration occurs in Buffalo, New York. In Buffalo's eastern suburbs and the city's Historic Polonia District, Dyngus Day is celebrated with a high level of enthusiasm. Although Dyngus Day was celebrated in traditional Polish neighborhoods of Buffalo dating back to the 1870s, modern Dyngus Day in Buffalo had its start with the Chopin Singing Society. Judge Ann T. Mikoll and her late husband Theodore V. Mikoll held the first party at the Society's clubrooms in the Buffalo Central Terminal. The Society left the East Side in the 1980s and moved to new clubrooms in nearby Cheektowaga, where the festival attracted a new generation of revelers. In recent years, the focus of Buffalo's Dyngus Day celebration has returned to the Historic Polonia District in the form of large parties at the Buffalo Central Terminal, St. Stanislaus - Bishop & Martyr Church, the Adam Mickiewicz Library and Dramatic Circle, and at many family-owned Polish taverns. The World's First Dingus Day Parade, inaugurated in 2006, makes its way through the Polonia District from the Broadway Market to Buffalo Central Terminal. In 2008, the parade attracted more than 25,000 people.[9] In 2012, it was reported that more than 50,000 revelers attended Dyngus Day events.[10]
In 2006, two-time Grammy Award nominated Polka band Jerry Darlak & the Touch recorded the "Everybody's Polish on Dyngus Day" polka. "The polka is meant to capture the uniqueness of the Buffalo Dingus Day celebration," explained the song's composer, Ray Barsukiewicz. Lyrics include references to pussy willows, the sprinkling of water, polka dancing and parties that last until daylight. That same year, Lenny Gomulka and the Chicago Push released the "Dingus Day in Buffalo Polka" to recognize Buffalo's time-honored traditions. Gomulka is regarded as one of the nation's premiere polka stars, having been nominated for 11 Grammy Awards.
In 2007, the world's oldest working fireboat, the Edward M. Cotter, received the honor of being named the "World's Largest Dyngus Day Squirt Gun". "This could explains [sic] why the Cotter is painted red & white," said Marty Biniasz, alluding to the colors of the Polish flag and the Cotter's current livery. "It's only right that The Dyngus Day Capital of the World should have the World's Largest Squirt Gun. We are proud to now make Buffalo's most-loved ship part of our Dyngus Day Buffalo tradition."
Indiana
In South Bend, Indiana, the day marks the official beginning to launch the year's political primary campaign season (particularly among Democrats)- often from within the West Side Democratic Club, the M.R. Falcons Club, and local pubs and fraternal halls. Notable politicos who have celebrated Dyngus Day in South Bend include the late Robert F. Kennedy; former Governor Joe Kernan; Senator Evan Bayh; former Congressman and New York University President John Brademas; former Maryland Lt. Governor Kathleen Kennedy Townsend; former Congressman, 9/11 Commission member and current Ambassador to India Timothy J. Roemer; former President Bill Clinton; the famous philanthropist Thomas A. White; and the late Aloysius J. Kromkowski, a long time elected St. Joseph County public servant, for whom the "Al Kromkowski polka" is named.[11][12]
Robert F. Kennedy's 1968 appearance was marked by his downtown rally attended by a crowd of over 6,000, his participation in the Dyngus Day parade, and his leading of the crowds at the West Side Democratic Club in the traditional Polish well wishing song Sto Lat (phonetic: 'sto laht') which means "100 years". Indiana was RFK's first primary and first primary victory, which set in motion momentum and victories that may have led to his nomination as the Democratic Party candidate for President had he not been assassinated. 2008 visitors included then – Senators Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton .[11][12]
Starting in 2004, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in Terre Haute, Indiana began celebrating Dyngus Day at the request of South Bend students. The event includes free Polish sausage for students as well as a free concert.[11][12]
In Bloomington, Electric hair wigs, flashing neon beer logos and shotskis abound Monday at Yogi's Grill and Bar as patrons celebrate Dyngus Day by partaking in Polish foods (pierogi, hard boiled eggs and Polish sausage sandwiches) and mismatching fashions. Employees, customers and clowns alike take part in the festivities.
The celebration at the Knights of Columbus hall in Elkhart started around 1980 when two Elkhart men with Polish heritage started the celebration there after seeing its success in South Bend.
North Carolina
The Easter Monday holiday in North Carolina stemmed from the tradition in the early 20th century of state government workers taking the day off to attend the annual baseball game between North Carolina State College (Now North Carolina State University) and nearby Wake Forest College (now Wake Forest University and moved to Winston-Salem, NC). The holiday was enacted in 1935 and remained until 1988, when the official state holiday was moved to Good Friday to match the rest of the nation.[citation needed]
Texas and Southwest
Many Independent and other type School Districts and Higher Education institutions in Texas and other southern and southwestern states do not conduct classes on Easter Monday, although it is not an official State of Texas holiday. Many, but not all Texas School Districts follow this practice. As many of the same Independent School Districts also do not attend classes on Good Friday, a mini-Spring Break of four days is often the result.
Elsewhere in the world
- In Guyana, people fly kites, which are made on Holy Saturday.
- Inn Leicestershire, England the people of Hallaton hold a bottle-kicking match and Hare Pie Scramble.[13]
- In the Netherlands, people eat a festive breakfast and go hiking or cycling in the countryside.[14]
- It is celebrated in Coastal Northern Portugal as the Anjo Festival (Angel Festival), especially in the region of Póvoa de Varzim and is part of the Easter Celebrations, people go to the countryside and woodlands to picnic and party, it also includes a reminder of pagan beliefs, in which the Hedera helix ivy is especially regarded.
Official holiday
Easter Monday is an official holiday in the following countries—Nations on this list indicated as "Eastern Christian" observe Easter according to the Julian Calendar reckoning used in Eastern Christianity which differs most years from the Gregorian Calendar reckoning used in Western Christianity.
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See also
- Bright Week
- Easter Friday
- Easter Saturday
- Good Friday
- Life of Jesus in the New Testament
- Sham El Nessim
Notes
- ↑ and those Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite
References
- ↑ Part IV
- ↑ Типико́нъ сiесть уста́въ (Title here transliterated into Russian; actually in Church Slavonic) (The Typicon which is the Order), Москва (Moscow, Russian Empire): Синодальная типография (The Synodal Printing House), 1907, p. 468
- ↑ Asiedu, Dita (12 April 2004). "Easter Monday Radio Prague special". Český rozhlas 7. Radio Praha. Retrieved 2009-05-09.
- ↑ Easter Monday in Germany
- ↑ (German) Partikularnorm Nr. 15 der Deutschen Bischofskonferenz. Accessed 2009-04-08.
- ↑ Heaton, Michael (22 April 2011). "Come Out Next Monday Out [sic] for Cleveland's First Annual Dingus Day". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
- ↑ "Dyngus Day USA". DyngusDay.com. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
- ↑ "What is Dyngus Day?". DyngusDay.com. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
- ↑ Borsa, John. Buffalo is Unofficial Dingus Day Capital. WKBW-TV. 14 April 2009.
- ↑ Vogul, Charity (11 April 2012). "Cooper repents his Dyngus dis". The Buffalo News. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Archives, National Center for Urban Ethnic Affairs
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Colwell, Jack (12 April 2009). "The Dyngus Day Tradition Continues" (fee required). South Bend Tribune. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
- ↑ Easter Monday in the United Kingdom
- ↑ Easter Monday in the Netherlands
- ↑ "Public Holidays Act, 1994 (36 of 1994, South Africa)" (PDF). 7 December 1994. Retrieved 2006-04-05.
External links
- Everything you should know about Dingus day
- 2006 NPR Story on Dingus Day (audio file)
- Poland's Dingus Day, and other Easter Monday customs By Pip Wilson
- Dyngus Day Buffalo
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