Earthquakes in 1985

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Earthquakes in 1985

Damage in Mexico City after the 1985 earthquake.
Strongest earthquake Mexico City earthquake
7.9 Mw
Number of earthquakes 67

About 67 destructive or powerful earthquakes occurred in 1985.[1] The strongest earthquake occurred on September 19, in Mexico City. The earthquake reached a magnitude 7.9, according to the United States Geological Survey. The Mexico earthquake caused between 3 and 4 billion U.S. dollars of damage, and was felt by almost 20 million people; at least 9,500 people were killed, and about 30,000 were injured. A tsunami was generated which caused some damage at Lázaro Cárdenas, Zihuatanejo and Manzanillo.[1]

The second strongest earthquake, occurred in Santiago, Chile on March 3. It was measured by the United States Geological Survey as magnitude 7.5,[1] although University of Chile Seismologic Service measured it as magnitude 8.0.[2] At least 177 people were killed, and 2,575 injured by this earthquake. It caused extensive damage throughout central Chile. It was felt in both Copiapó and Valdivia. A tsunami was also generated, and hit Valparaíso, Hilo, Alaska, Tahiti and Japan.[1] Another earthquake magnitude 7.5 hit the Pichilemu, O'Higgins Region area on April 8, causing two more deaths.[1]

A strong earthquake occurred on August 23, in southern Xinjiang, China. 71 people were killed, 162 injured, and about 15,000 homeless.[1]

Northwest Canada was affected by a series of earthquakes in 1985, the strongest of them being of magnitude 6.6.[1] The earthquakes had a long succession of aftershocks and jolts. The Nahanni earthquakes were one of the most significant earthquakes in Canada during the 20th century,[3] and were felt in Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan, British Columbia and southeastern Alaska.[3]

Other strong earthquakes occurred in the Vanuatu Islands, New Britain, Indonesia, Hindu Kush, Central California and Hungary.[1]

By month

January

February

  • Iran February 2–5.3 magnitude earthquake in Southern Iran. One person killed, 80 injured and about 1,500 buildings destroyed or damaged in the Firouzabad-Jahrom area.

March

  • Indonesia March 2–6.7 magnitude earthquake hits Sulawesi. Also felt at Palu.
Santa Cruz was amongst the cities damaged by the March 3 Santiago earthquake. Church of Santa Cruz pictured in 2009.
  • Chile March 3–7.5 magnitude earthquake occurs near the coast of Central Chile. At least 177 people killed, 2,575 injured and extensive damage in central Chile, including the cities of San Antonio, Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Santiago and Rancagua. Maximum intensity felt in the Valparaíso area. Extensive ground cracks and subsidence occurred throughout most of the epicentral area. Numerous landslides in the coastal mountains. Felt in Chile along a 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) strip from Copiapó to Valdivia. Also felt at Mendoza, San Juan, Buenos Aires and São Paulo. A tsunami generated with wave heights: 1.1 metres (3.6 ft) at Valparaíso; 48 centimetres (1.57 ft) at Hilo, Hawaii; 15 centimetres (0.49 ft) at Sand Point, Alaska; 12 centimetres (0.39 ft) at Adak, Alaska; 11 centimetres (0.36 ft) at Rikitea, Gambier Islands; 10 centimetres (0.33 ft) at Papeete, Tahiti; 10 centimetres (0.33 ft) at Kushiro, Nemuro and Miyako, Japan; 5 centimetres (0.16 ft) at Seward, Alaska; 4 centimetres (0.13 ft) at Kodiak, Alaska; and 3 centimetres (0.098 ft) at Honolulu and Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
  • Chile March 3–7.0 magnitude earthquake occurs near the coast of central Chile.
  • Chile March 4–6.7 magnitude earthquake occurs near the coast of central Chile.
  • Chile March 4–6.6 magnitude earthquake occurs near the coast of central Chile.
  • Italy March 14–4.3 magnitude earthquake hits southern Italy. One person died of fright. Slight damage in Isernia Province.
  • Venezuela Netherlands March 16–6.8 magnitude earthquake occurs in Leeward Islands. Six people injured and damage on Guadeloupe. Minor damage on Montserrat. Also felt on Antigua and Barbuda, St. Kitts and Puerto Rico. Several centimeter local tsunami recorded at Basse-Terre.
  • Chile March 17–6.6 magnitude earthquake near the coast of central Chile. One person died from a heart attack at Santiago. Damage in the Valparaíso-Viña del Mar area. Also felt at San Antonio, Melipilla, Santiago, La Serena, Pichilemu, Santa Cruz, Curicó, Talca, and Concepción. Also felt in Mendoza and San Juan Provinces, Argentina.
  • Philippines March 18–6.5 magnitude earthquake strikes Mindanao, Philippine Islands. Two people died of heart attacks, 25 injured and about 30 buildings destroyed in the Pagadian area. Felt at Zamboanga, Dipolog, Cagayan de Oro, Puerto Princesa, Palawan and Palo, Leyte.
  • Chile March 19–6.6 magnitude earthquake hits coast of central Chile. Felt at San Antonio, Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Santiago, and from Concepción to Coquimbo.
  • Bolivia March 19–Magnitude 5.2 earthquake hits Bolivia. Two people killed and damage in the Monteagudo area. Felt at Santa Cruz and Sucre.
  • China March 29–Magnitude 4.9 earthquake hits Sichuan Province, China. One person killed, 120 injured and some damage in the Neijiang area.

April

  • Chile April 9–7.5 magnitude earthquake hits Central Chile. One person died from a heart attack, several people injured and some damage in the Santiago-Valparaiso area. One additional person died from a heart attack at Chillan. Felt throughout much of central Chile from La Serena to Osorno. Also felt at Mendoza, Argentina, in San Juan, San Luis, Córdoba, Tucumán and Santa Fé Provinces.
  • Indonesia April 13–Magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits Molucca Passage. Felt at Manado, Sulawesi.
  • China April 18–5.8 magnitude earthquake hits Yunnan Province, China. Twenty-three people killed, 300 injured and damage in the Luquan-Xundian area.
  • Philippines April 24–6.1 magnitude earthquake in Luzon, Philippine Islands. Six people killed, 11 injured and damage and landslides in Benguet Province. Some damage at Baguio. Felt at Carmen, Pangasinan, Baler, Dagupan, Manila and Quezon City.

May

  • Papua New Guinea May 10–7.3 magnitude earthquake hits New Britain. One person killed. Damage in the Bialla-Hoskins area. Extensive landslides, debris flows and fallen trees in the Nakanai Mountains. Ground cracks and subsidence occurred. A temporary hot springs was observed near Malosi. Felt at Rabaul and strongly in many parts of Papua New Guinea.
  • Madagascar May 14–Magnitude 6.3 earthquake occurs northwest of Madagascar. Felt at Mtwara and Newala, Tanzania and in the Mocimbao da Praia area, Mozambique. Believed to be the largest instrumentally located hypocenter in this area.
  • South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands May 15–6.5 magnitude earthquake hits the South Sandwich Islands region.

June

  • Tonga June 3–Magnitude 7.0 earthquake hits Tonga Islands. Felt at Apia, Western Samoa.
  • June 6–6.6 magnitude earthquake shakes Central Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
  • Solomon Islands June 23–Magnitude 6.1 earthquake hits Solomon Islands. Felt strongly in the eastern side of the islands.

July

  • Papua New Guinea July 3–Magnitude 7.4 earthquake hits New Britain. Damage, landslides and ground cracks on New Ireland and in the Rabaul area, New Britain. A 1.3-meter tsunami was observed in Rabaul's harbor followed by a seiche that lasted for 15 hours. Also felt at Panguna, Bougainville.
  • Vanuatu July 3–Magnitude 6.7 earthquake occurs in Vanuatu.
  • Papua New Guinea July 22–Magnitude 6.9 earthquake hits New Britain.
  • Afghanistan Pakistan July 29–6.6 magnitude earthquake strikes Hindu Kush. At least 5 people killed, 38 injured and considerable damage and landslides in the Chitral and Swat districts, Pakistan. Damage and many people homeless in the Khorog-Ishkashim area, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Extensive damage reported in the Dushanbe and Kurgan-Ush-Tyube area, USSR. The earthquake was felt in the Kulyab and Termez area, in the Leninabad-Samarkand-Tashkent area and at Frunze, USSR. Avalanches reported in northern India. Avalanches and landslides reported in southern Tajikistan, USSR. Felt strongly in northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan and much of northern India, including New Delhi.

August

Map showing the location of the epicenter of August 23 China earthquake.

September

  • China September 11–6.4 magnitude earthquake hits southern Xinjiang, China. Four people killed, 61 injured and damage in the Wuqia-Kashi-Shufu area. Felt at Sufi-Kurgan, Osh and at Andizhan and Fergana, USSR.
  • Papua New Guinea September 16–West New Guinea region is affected by a 6.3 magnitude earthquake. At least 10 people killed, 7 injured and damage in the Enarotali area. Slumping observed in the epicentral area.
Damage provoked by the September 19 Mexico earthquake.
  • Mexico September 19–A magnitude 7.9 earthquake hits Michoacán, Mexico. At least 9,500 people were killed, about 30,000 were injured, more than 100,000 people were left homeless, and severe damage was caused in parts of Mexico City and in several states of central Mexico. It is estimated that the quake seriously affected an area of approximately 825,000 square kilometres (319,000 sq mi), caused between 3 and 4 billion U.S. dollars of damage, and was felt by almost 20 million people. Four hundred twelve buildings collapsed and another 3,124 were seriously damaged in Mexico City. About 60 percent of the buildings were destroyed at Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco. Damage also occurred in the states of Colima, Guerrero, Mexico, Michoacán, Morelos, parts of Veracruz and in other areas of Jalisco. The maximum Modified Mercalli intensity was IX at Mexico City, Ciudad Guzmán and the Pacific Coast towns of Lázaro Cárdenas, Ixtapa and La Unión. Felt reports were received from Mazatlan, Sinaloa to Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, and as far away as Guatemala City, and Houston, Texas. The quake was also felt at Brownsville, McAllen, Corpus Christi, Ingram and El Paso, Texas. It was felt very strongly by people on board the ship Nedlloyd Kyoto, who were in 17°35.4′N 102°36.9′W / 17.5900°N 102.6150°W / 17.5900; -102.6150. Landslides caused damage at Atenquique, Jalisco and near Jala, Colima. Rockslides were reported along the highways in the Ixtapa area and sandblows and ground cracks were observed at Lázaro Cardenas. A tsunami was generated which caused some damage at Lázaro Cardenas, Zihuatanejo and Manzanillo. Estimated wave heights were 3 metres (9.8 ft) at Zihuatanejo and 2.8 metres (9.2 ft) at Lázaro Cardenas. Tide stations recorded maximum wave heights of 1.4 metres (4.6 ft) meters at Acapulco; 60 centimetres (2.0 ft) at La Libertad, Ecuador; 58 centimetres (1.90 ft) at Acajutla, El Salvador; 24 centimetres (0.79 ft) at Kahului, Hawaii and at Pago Pago, American Samoa; 22 centimetres (0.72 ft) at Hilo, Hawaii; 21 centimetres (0.69 ft) at Baltra Island, Galapagos; 14 centimetres (0.46 ft) at Apia, Samoa; 7 centimetres (0.23 ft) at Rikitea, Gambier Islands; and 5 centimetres (0.16 ft) at Papeete, Tahiti. Some ships off the Pacific coast of Mexico observed unusually heavy seas up to 30 meters high near the time of the earthquake. Seiches were observed in East Galveston Bay, Texas and in swimming pools in Texas, New Mexico, Colorado and Idaho. Water well fluctuations were recorded at Ingleside, Texas; Santa Fe, New Mexico; Rolla, Missouri; Hillsborough County, Florida; and Smithsburg, Maryland. A large percentage of the buildings which were damaged in Mexico City were between 8 and 18 stories high, indicating possible resonance effects with dominant two-second period horizontal ground accelerations which were recorded in the area.
  • Mexico September 21–Magnitude 7.2 earthquake occurs near the coast of Guerrero, Mexico. Caused additional casualties and damage in the Mexico City area. Felt in many parts of central Mexico. Local tsunami recorded at Acapulco with maximum amplitude of 1.4 metres (4.6 ft). Water well fluctuations recorded at Santa Fe, New Mexico.
  • New Zealand September 26–Magnitude 7.0 earthquake hits soouth of Kermadec Islands, New Zealand. Felt on Raoul Island. Also felt in the eastern and southern parts of North Island and at Christchurch and Dunedin, South Island, New Zealand.
  • Solomon Islands September 27–Magnitude 6.8 earthquake hits Solomon Islands. Several houses destroyed. Felt at Viso and Honiara. Felt throughout Guadalcanal. Several landslides in southern Guadalcanal.
  • Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia September 28–Magnitude 5.0 earthquake hits Yugoslavia. Sixteen people injured and about 500 buildings damaged in the Demir Kapija-Negotino area.

October

  • Japan October 4–Magnitude 6.2 earthquake occurs near the east coast of Honshu, Japan. Eighteen people injured. Felt at Tokyo, Nikko, Tateyama, Kumagaya, Mito, Kofu, Maebashi, Obihiro, Hokkaido, south to Hachijo-jima and west to Toyooka.
  • Madagascar October 4–Magnitude 5.2 earthquake hits Malagasy Republic (current Madagascar). One person injured at Ambatondrazaka. Felt at Antananarivo.
  • Canada October 5–6.8 magnitude earthquake hits the northwest territories of Canada. Slight damage at Wrigley, Nahanni Butte and Fort Liard. Felt at Fort Simpson. Numerous landslides observed in the epicentral area. Felt in parts of Yukon Territory, British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan. Also felt at Juneau, Skagway and Sitka, Alaska. Fluctuation of well water levels observed at Rolla, Missouri.
  • Alaska October 9–Magnitude 6.6 earthquake hits the south of Alaska. Slight damage at Sand Point. Felt at Cold Bay, Chignik Lake and Chignik Lagoon. Also felt at False Pass, King Cove, Perryville and Port Heiden.
  • Guatemala October 11–Magnitude 4.5 earthquake in Guatemala. Several people injured and about 500 houses destroyed at San Miguel Uspantán. About 80 percent of the buildings in the town sustained some damage. Felt strongly in western Guatemala. Felt also at Guatemala City.
  • Tajikistan October 13–5.9 magnitude earthquake hits Tajikistan, SSR. At least 29 people killed, 80 injured and about 8,000 homeless in the Kayrakkum-Gafurov area. About 90 percent of multi-story brick buildings destroyed at Kayrakkum and about 900 buildings destroyed at Gafurov. Damage at Leninabad. Landslides also occurred in the area. Reported felt at Isfara, Proletarsk, Tashkent, the Fergana Basin, Samarkand, in the Dushanbe-Kulyab area, and at Khorog.
  • Algeria October 27–5.9 earthquake hits Algeria. Six people killed and damage in the Constantine-Skikda area. Felt in the Annaba-Setif-Souk Ahras area.
  • Papua New Guinea October 29–Magnitude 6.6 earthquake hits east of Papua New Guinea. Felt at Arawa, Panguna, Bougainville, and at Alotau, New Guinea.
  • Mexico October 29–Magnitude 5.4 earthquake hits Michoacán, Mexico. Thirteen people injured because of panic in the Mexico City area.

November

  • Turkey November 7–Magnitude 5.1 earthquake hits Turkey. Fourteen people injured and at least 113 houses damaged in the Erzurum area.
  • India November 16–6.6 magnitude earthquake occurs in the mid-Indian rise.
  • Indonesia November 17–6.9 magnitude earthquake hits the West Irian region. Damage at Manokwari. Felt strongly in many parts of West Irian.
  • Vanuatu November 28–Magnitude 7.2 earthquake hits Vanuatu Islands.
  • Vanuatu November 28–Magnitude 7.6 earthquake hits Vanuatu Islands.

December

Epicenter location of the December 23 Canada earthquake.
  • Nicaragua December 16–Magnitude 6.1 earthquake hits Nicaragua. Six people injured by landslides and damage in the Rivas-Masaya area. Felt strongly along the Pacific coast of Nicaragua. Felt at Los Chiles, Liberia, Upala, Tilaran, Puntarenas, Atenas, San José, Costa Rica, and San Salvador, El Salvador.
  • Vanuatu December 16–Magnitude 6.8 earthquake hits Vanuatu Islands.
  • Vanuatu December 21–Two earthquakes, magnitude 7.6 and 6.5 hit Vanuatu Islands.
  • Canada December 23–Magnitude 6.6 earthquake occurs in the northwest territories of Canada. Felt at Fort Simpson, Wrigley, and Fort Liard. Some people fled from buildings in Edmonton, Alberta about 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) from the epicenter. Felt in parts of Yukon Territory, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Also felt at Camas, Washington; Grand Forks, North Dakota; Metlakatla, Alaska; Juneau, Alaska; Helena, Montana; and Spokane, Washington.
  • Sicily December 25–4.3 magnitude earthquake in Sicily. One person killed, 14 injured and damage on Sicily. Mt. Etna erupted.
  • Indonesia December 27–Magnitude 6.5 earthquake hits southern Sumatra. Felt strongly at Metro and Tanjungkarang-Telukbetung. Also felt at Jakarta, Java.
  • Vanuatu December 28–6.6 magnitude earthquake strikes the Vanuatu Islands.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "Significant Earthquakes of the World: 1985". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2010. 
  2. ↑ "Sismos importantes o destructivos desde 1570" (in Spanish). Santiago de Chile: University of Chile Seismologic Service. Archived from the original on 31 December 2006. Retrieved September 12, 2010. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Significant Earthquakes in Canada". Canada: Natural Resources of Canada. Archived from the original on 26 August 2012. Retrieved September 12, 2010. 
Earthquakes by year
19th century
20th century
21st century
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.