Dysmelia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Piglet with dipygus at Ukrainian National Chernobyl Museum in Kiev

Dysmelia (from Gr. δυσ- dys, "bad" + μέλ|ος mél|os, "limb" + Eng. suff. -ia) is a congenital disorder referring to the limbs.

Types

Dysmelia can refer to

Birth defects involving limbs occur in 1 per 1000.^{[citation needed]}

Dysmelia can be caused by

inheritance of abnormal genes, e.g. polydactyly, ectrodactyly or brachydactyly, symptoms of deformed limbs then often occur in combination with other symptoms (syndromes)
external causes during pregnancy (thus not inherited), e.g. via amniotic band syndrome
teratogenic drugs (e.g. thalidomide, which causes phocomelia) or environmental chemicals
ionizing radiation (nuclear weapons, radioiodine, radiation therapy)
infections
metabolic imbalance

Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system / musculoskeletal abnormality (Q65–Q76, 754–756.3)

clavicle / shoulder:	Cleidocranial dysostosis Sprengel's deformity Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome

hand deformity:	Madelung's deformity Clinodactyly Oligodactyly Polydactyly

hip:	Dislocation of hip / Hip dysplasia Upington disease Coxa valga Coxa vara

knee:	Genu valgum Genu varum Genu recurvatum Discoid meniscus Congenital patellar dislocation Congenital knee dislocation

foot deformity:	varus Club foot Pigeon toe valgus Flat feet Pes cavus Rocker bottom foot Hammer toe

Either / both

dactyly / digit:	Polydactyly / Syndactyly webbed toes Arachnodactyly Cenani–Lenz syndactylism Ectrodactyly Brachydactyly Clubbed thumb

reduction deficits / limb:	Acheiropodia ectromelia Phocomelia Amelia Hemimelia

multiple joints:	Arthrogryposis Larsen syndrome Rapadilino syndrome

Craniosynostosis:	Scaphocephaly Oxycephaly Trigonocephaly

Craniofacial dysostosis:	Crouzon syndrome Hypertelorism Hallermann–Streiff syndrome Treacher-Collins syndrome

other:	Macrocephaly Platybasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Dolichocephaly Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Plagiocephaly Saddle nose

ribs:	Cervical Bifid

sternum:	Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum

anat (h/c, u, t, l)/phys

noco (arth/defr/back/soft)/cong, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M01C, M4)

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.