Dutch School (painting)

The Dutch School were painters in the Netherlands from the early Renaissance to the Baroque. It includes Early Netherlandish (1400–1500) and Dutch Renaissance (1500–1584) artists active in the northern Low Countries and, later, Dutch Golden Age painting in the United Provinces.

Many painters, sculptors and architects of the seventeenth century are called "Dutch masters", while earlier artists are generally referred to as part of the "Netherlandish" tradition. Hieronymus Bosch and Geertgen tot Sint Jans are well-known examples of fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Dutch painters. Rembrandt van Rijn, Frans Hals, Johannes Vermeer, Jacob van Ruisdael and Jan Steen exemplify art during the seventeenth century.

There was a healthy artistic climate in Dutch cities during the seventeenth century. For example, between 1605 and 1635 over 100,000 paintings were produced in Haarlem.^[1] At that time art ownership in the city was 25%, a record high.^[2] Not all of these have survived, but more art has survived up to today from that period in Haarlem than from any other Dutch city, thanks mostly to the Schilder-boeck published by Karel van Mander there in 1604. If an individual work is labelled or catalogued just as "Dutch School", this means that an individual artist for the work cannot be ascertained, which is quite often the case.

Museums

• Frans Hals Museum
• Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
• Mauritshuis

• Hermitage in Saint Petersburg
• Louvre in Paris
• Gemäldegalerie in Berlin
• Alte Pinakothek in Munich
• National Gallery in London
• Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna

List

The Baroque masters listed are put in their logical chronological order. When a date of birth is uncertain, only the active period is given.

References