Douglas T2D

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The Douglas T2D was an American twin engine torpedo bomber contracted by the military, and required to be usable on wheels or floats, and operating from aircraft carriers. It was the first twin-engined aircraft to be operated from an aircraft carrier.^[1]

Development and design

In 1925, the United States Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics designed a twin-engined torpedo bomber aircraft, intended to have greater performance than contemporary single-engined aircraft.^[1] A single prototype was built by the Naval Aircraft Factory as the XTN-1, which was quickly followed by three identical aircraft built by Douglas, the T2D-1.

The XTN/T2D was a large two bay biplane, capable of easy conversion between floats and wheels, and carrying a crew of four.

Operational history

The first three T2D-1's were delivered to the torpedo bomber squadron VT-2 on 25 May 1927,^[1] being used for successful trials aboard the aircraft carrier Langley. A further nine T2D-1's were ordered in 1927, these normally being operated as floatplanes, partly owing to criticism from the Army of the Navy operating large land based bombers,^[1] and partly as its large size prevented Langley from embarking a full airwing.^[2]

A further 18 aircraft were ordered in June 1930 as patrol floatplanes, being designated P2D-1. These were operated by Patrol Squadron VP-3 in the Panama Canal Zone until they were replaced by Consolidated PBYs in 1937.^[1]

Variants

XTN-1: Original prototype built by Naval Aircraft Factory. One built.
T2D-1: Production aircraft, convertible torpedo bomber/patrol floatplane, powered by Wright R-1750 Cyclone. 12 built.
P2D-1: Dedicated patrol floatplane. Fitted with twin tail for improved engine out performance and powered by two R-1820 Cyclones. 18 built.

Operators

United States

United States Navy

Specifications (T2D)

Data from The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft ^[2]

General characteristics

Crew: 4
Length: 42 ft (12.80 m)
Wingspan: 57 ft (17.37 m)
Height: 15 ft 11 in (4.85 m)
Wing area: 886 ft² (82.31 m²)
Empty weight: 6,011 lb (2,726 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: 10,523 lb (4,773 kg)
Powerplant: 2 × Wright R-1750 Cyclone 9-cylinder single row radial, 525 hp (391 kW) each

Performance

Maximum speed: 109 kn (125 mph, 201 km/h)
Range: 397 nmi (457 mi, 735 km)
Service ceiling: 13,830 ft (4,215 m)
Rate of climb: 1,000 ft/min (304.8 m/min)
Wing loading: 12.2 lb/ft² (58.0 kg/m²)
Power/mass: 0.10 hp/lb (0.16 kW/kg)

Armament

2 × .30 in (7.62 mm) M1919 Browning machine guns
1 ×1,618 lb (734 kg) torpedo or equivalent bombload

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Swanborough, Gordon; Bowers, Peter M. (1976). United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 (Second edition ed.). London: Putnam. pp. 161–162. ISBN 0-370-10054-9. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
↑ 2.0 2.1 Donald, David, The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft (pg 118). (1997). Prospero Books. ISBN 1-85605-375-X

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Douglas military planes.

Boeing

v t e Douglas military aircraft

Fighters	XP-48 P-70 F-6 F-10 XFD F3D F4D F5D XF6D

Ground attack	XA-2 A-20 A-24 A-26 A-33 A-1 A-3 A-4/A-4AR/A-4SU DT T2D XT3D TBD SBD BD XBTD XTB2D AD XA2D A3D A4D

Bombers	YB-7 YB-11 B-18 XB-19 XB-22 B-23 B-26 XB-31 XB-42 XB-43 B-66 DB-1 DB-2 DB-7 DB-8 DB-19 DB-73 Boston I/II/III/IV/V Digby I Havoc I/II DXD1

Observation	O-2 OD O2D O-31 O-35 O-38 O-43 YO-44 O-46 O-53 YOA-5

Patrol	PD P2D P3D

Reconnaissance	F-3

Transports	C-1 C-21 C-32 C-33 YC-34 C-38 C-39 C-41 C-41A C-42 C-47 C-48 C-49 C-50 C-51 C-52 C-53 C-54 C-58 UC-67 C-68 C-74 C-84 C-110 XC-112/YC-112 XC-114 YC-116 C-117 C-118 C-124 YC-129 C-133 C-9 C-24 RD R2D R3D R4D (R4D-2 & R4D-4) R5D JD R6D CC-129 Dakota I/III/IV Dakota II LXD1 PD.808 Skymaster I

Gliders	XCG-17

Training aircraft	BT-1 BT-2 XT-30

Experimental	DWC D-558-1 D-558-2 X-3

USN/USMC patrol aircraft designations 1923–1962

Patrol

Boeing	XPB PB P2B P3B

Douglas	PD P2D P3D

Grumman	PF

Hall	PH P2H

General Aviation	PJ

Keystone	PK

Martin	PM P2M P3M P4M P5M P6M P7M

Naval Aircraft Factory	PN P2N P3N¹ P4N

Lockheed	PO

Sikorsky	PS P2S

Lockheed	PV P2V P3V

Consolidated	PY P2Y P3Y P4Y-1 P4Y-2 P5Y P6Y

Patrol Bomber

Boeing	PBB PB2B

North American	PBJ

Martin	PBM PB2M

Naval Aircraft Factory	PBN

Lockheed	PBO

Sikorsky	PBS

Canadian Vickers	PBV

Consolidated	PBY PB2Y PB3Y PB4Y-1 PB4Y-2

Patrol Torpedo Bomber

Hall	PTBH

¹ Not assigned

USN/USMC torpedo aircraft designations pre-1962

Torpedo

Boeing	TB

Curtiss	CT

Douglas	DT T2D T3D

Detroit	TE

Atlantic	FT

Great Lakes	TG

Martin	TM T2M T3M T4M T5M T6M

Naval Aircraft Factory	TN T2N

Stout	ST

Blackburn	BST

Torpedo Bomber

Douglas	TBD TB2D

Grumman	TBF TB2F TB3F

Great Lakes	TBG

General Motors	TBM

Vought	TBU

Vultee	TBV

Consolidated	TBY

Torpedo Scout

Grumman	TSF

Patrol Torpedo Bomber

Hall	PTBH

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