Dornier Do 228

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Dornier 228 is a twin-turboprop STOL utility aircraft, manufactured by Dornier GmbH (later DASA Dornier, Fairchild-Dornier) from 1981 until 1998. The aircraft's launch customer was the norwegian air taxi Norving. In 1983, Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL) bought a production licence and manufactured 117 aircraft for the Asian market sphere.[1] Approximately 270 Do 228 were built at Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany and Kanpur, India. In August 2006, 127 Dornier Do 228 aircraft (all variants) remain in airline service.[2]

In 2009, RUAG started building a Dornier 228 New Generation in Germany with the fuselage, wings and tail unit manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) in Kanpur (India) and transported to Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich, where RUAG Aviation carries out aircraft final assembly, customized equipment installation, product conformity inspection and aircraft delivery. It is basically the same aircraft with improved technologies and performances, such as a new five blade propeller, glass cockpit and longer range.[3] The first delivery was in September 2010.[4]

In January 2013, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) announced that it would build 20 more Dornier DO-228 aircraft during 2013-14.

Design and development

Do 28 TNT Experimental aircraft in 1980

In the late 1970s, Dornier GmbH developed a new kind of wing, the TNT (Tragflügel neuer Technologie), subsidized by the German Government. Dornier tested it on a modified Do 28D-2 Skyservant and with Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-110 turboprop engines. Finally, Dornier changed the engine and tested the new aircraft, which was named Do 128 with two Garrett AiResearch TPE-331-5 engines.[5] The company developed a new fuselage for the TNT and TPE 331–5 in two variants (15- and 19-passenger) and named both project-aircraft E-1 (later Do 228-100) and E-2 (later Do 228-200). At ILA '80, Dornier presented the new aircraft in public. Both the prototypes were flown on 28 March 1981 and 9 May 1981 for the first time.[6][7]

After German certification was granted on 18 December 1981, the first Do 228 entered service in the fleet of Norving in July 1982.[6] British and United States certification followed on 17 April and 11 May 1984 respectively.[7] Over the years Dornier offered the 228 in upgraded variants and with special equipment for special missions. In 1998 the production line was stopped for better development of the successor Fairchild-Dornier 328.

Do 228NG

A pair of Dornier of the Indian Navy
Do 228NG at ILA 2012

The Dornier 228NG was produced by RUAG Aviation and certified by EASA on 18 August 2010.[8] First delivery, to a Japanese customer, took place in September 2010. The main changes from the previous Dornier 228-212 model are a new 5-blade propeller made of composite material, more powerful engines and an advanced glass cockpit featuring electronic instrument displays.[9] In 2011, the Bangladesh Navy ordered 2 Do 228NG for the surveillance and search and rescue (SAR) mission. The aircraft are expected to be delivered in early 2013.

Operators

Civilian operators

The major operators of the 127 Do 228 aircraft remaining in service in August 2006 include:

Some 35 other airlines operate smaller numbers of the aircraft.[2] Lufttransport (Norway) operates 2 Dornier 228's and AeroVip (Portugal) operates 2 Do 228, also SATA (Portugal) operated these aircraft.

Police, Law Enforcement, Para-Military operators

India Coast Guard Dornier Do 228 at Aero India 2013
 India
 Netherlands
 Oman
 United Kingdom
  • Marine Fisheries Agency

Mauritius Mauritian National Coast Guard

Military operators

Finnish Border Guard's Do 228 in Helsinki-Malmi Airport.
Do 228 of the German Navy in old livery.
 Angola
 Bangladesh
 Bhutan
 Cape Verde
 Finland
 Germany
 India
 Italy
 Malawi
  • Military of Malawi - Operates 1 Do 228.[19]
 Mauritius
  • Mauritius Coast Guard
 Netherlands
 Oman
 Seychelles
  • Seychelles Air Force - Operates 1 Do 228. A second to be delivered in 2014. Both aircraft donated by India.
 Thailand
 Venezuela

Former Military operators

 Germany

Accidents and incidents

  • On 2 January 1993, an Indian Coast Guard Do 228 crashed in sea approx 20 nm off Orisa coast. One pilot and one maintenance crew survived. Four maintenance crew were killed.
  • On 31 July 1993, an Everest Air Dornier Do 228 crashed in the Himalayas, killing all 19 people on board.
  • On 30 July 1998, a Dornier aircraft crashed while taking off at Cochin airport in Kerala killing all six persons on board and three others who were working inside a naval workshop building onto which it nose-dived and burst into flames
  • On 7 August 1999, TACV Flight 5002 crashed into a side of a mountain on Santo Antão Island, Cape Verde in rain and fog. The accident killed all 18 passengers and crew on the Dornier Do 228.
  • On 4 December 2003, a Dornier 228 of Kato Air operating Flight 603 was struck by lightning, causing a fracture to the control rod that operated the elevator. The aircraft subsequently landed heavily just short of the runway at Bodø. Both crewmembers sustained serious injuries while both passengers sustained slight injuries. The aircraft, registered LN-HTA, was written off.[25]
  • 31 August 2004, a Dornier 228 of Landsflug belly-landed at Siglufjordur Airport. The aircraft was then written off and stored at Reykjavik Airport before being moved to the Flugsafn (Air Museum) in Akureyri in 2010.
  • In January 2005, Polar 4 was severely damaged during a rough landing at the British over-wintering station Rothera on the Antarctic Peninsula. As it was impossible to repair the plane, the aircraft had to be decommissioned. Since then, scientific and logistical tasks of polar flights have been performed by Polar 2.
  • On 17 September 2006, an 18-seater Dornier 228 Nigerian Air Force transport plane, carrying 15 senior army officers and three crew members crashed into a hillside, leaving only three surviving passengers and two crew members that sustained serious injuries. The plane with registration number NAF 033 crashed near a remote village in Benue State at about 10:30 a.m. The military officers were members of a committee setup by the government to reposition the Nigerian Army. The plane departed Abuja in the early morning hours of September 17, on its way to Obudu Cattle Ranch in Cross River State where the officers were to hold a retreat and crashed about 18 nautical miles from its destination.
  • On 13 December 2008, a Dornier 228 C-FYEV with 14 people on board operated by Summit Air Charters, was on approach at Cambridge Bay (YCB) after a flight from Resolute Bay (YRB) when the aircraft collided with terrain about 2,5 km short of the runway. One flight crew member and one passenger received minor injuries.[26]
  • On 24 August 2010, Agni Air Flight 101 crashed outside of Kathmandu in heavy rain, killing all 14 people on board.[27]
  • On 23 June 2011, Tara Air Do 228 9N-AGQ was substantially damaged in a heavy landing and runway excursion at Simikot Airport, Nepal. The aircraft was operating a cargo flight from Nepalgunj Airport.[28]
  • On 28 Sept 2012, a Sita Air Flight 601 crashed just one minute after it took off for Lukla Airport from Kathmandu, killing all 19(16 passengers and 3 crew members) on board. Although the plane successfully crash landed near the Manohara river, 50 meters away from the runway of Tribhuvan International Airport, it was destroyed by fire on the ground. Some witnesses stated that the aircraft had been on fire before landing . Later in a press release by TIA, it was confirmed that a bird struck the aircraft, leading to an unusual maneuver which was informed right away to ATC by the captain of the aircraft.
  • On 9 September 2013, A Corpflite Dornier 228, registration CC-CNW crashed into power lines whilst attempting to land in fog at Viña del Mar Airport, resulting in the loss of both crew members on board.[30]

Specifications (Do 228-212)

Flight deck.
Cabin view.

Data from Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000 [31]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2 pilots
  • Capacity: 19 passengers
  • Payload: 2,340 kg freight (5,158 lb)
  • Length: 16.56 m (54 ft 4 in)
  • Wingspan: 16.97 m (55 ft 8 in)
  • Height: 4.86 m (15 ft 11 in)
  • Wing area: 32.0 m² (344 sq ft)
  • Airfoil: A-5
  • Empty weight: 3,739 kg (8,243 lb)
  • Max. takeoff weight: 6,400 kg (-212) 6,200 kg (-202K) 6,100 kg (-202) 5,700 (-101) (14,550 lb)
  • Powerplant: 2 × Garrett AiResearch TPE-331-5-252D or -10 variation( GP and GT ) turboprop, 578 kW (776 shp flat rated for -5A and -10 powerplants Available at 30 Celsius at Sea Level / 715 shp flat rated for -5 variations) each
  • Propellers: Hartzell Propellers model- HC-B4TN-5ML/LT10574 , 4 per engine
    • Propeller diameter: 105 in ()

Performance

  • Never exceed speed: 223 Knots (-212 )
  • Maximum speed: 223 knots (-212) 200 Knots(-200)
  • Cruise speed: 190 knots (196 mph) at appox 15 degree C with 85% torque
  • Stall speed: Flaps dependent () Appox. 75 flaps Down
  • Range: 1,111 km (715 nmi, 823 mi)with full payload
  • Service ceiling: 8,535 m (28,000 ft)
  • Rate of climb: 7.5 m/s (1,870 ft/min)

See also

Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Related lists

References

  1. ↑ [title=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-01-24/news/36527149_1_aircraft-maritime-surveillance-hal|URL=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-01-24/news/36527149_1_aircraft-maritime-surveillance-hal]
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Flight International, 3–9 October 2006
  3. ↑ Dornier 228 RUAG Dornier 228 webpage. RUAG. Retrieved 13 December 2009.
  4. ↑ airliners.de: RUAG liefert erste Do 228NG aus, 23. September 2010
  5. ↑ Air International October 1987, pp. 163—166.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Air International October 1987, p.166.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Taylor 1988, p.87.
  8. ↑ "EASA certifies modernised Dornier 228NG". Retrieved 2010-08-18. 
  9. ↑ First Dornier 228NG Shipset Supplied
  10. ↑ "National Cartographic Center of Iran". Retrieved 4 July 2013. 
  11. ↑ Hoyle 2011, p. 34.
  12. ↑ http://www.mediawitty.com/Test/NewsDetail.aspx?group_id=336&id=1510&folder_id=337&Page_Title=Bhutan%20Security
  13. ↑ http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Sentinel-Security-Assessment-South-Asia/Armed-forces-Bhutan.html
  14. ↑ http://www.raja.fi/rvl/home.nsf/pages/F8B5A9C8E896F3D1C2257360002350B8?opendocument
  15. ↑ Hoyle 2011, p. 39.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Hoyle 2010, p. 40.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 http://idrw.org/?p=16243
  18. ↑ Hoyle 2011, p. 41.
  19. ↑ Hoyle 2011, p. 42.
  20. ↑ http://www.defensie.nl/english/subjects/materiel/aircraft_and_helicopters/coastguard_aircraft/dornier_228-212_marine_patrol
  21. ↑ Hoyle 2011, p. 49.
  22. ↑ "News By Numbers: 10 Dornier 228s for Venezuela". Air International, Vol. 86, No. 2. February 2014. p. 6.
  23. ↑ "Firman contrato oficial para la nueva adquisición de Aeronaves Dornier 228 NG". FAV Cluv Venezuela. 3 October 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2014.
  24. ↑ Aviation safety network - Report on Polar 3 accessed: 18 April 2009
  25. ↑ "REPORT ON THE AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT AT BODØ AIRPORT ON 4 DECEMBER 2003 INVOLVING DORNIER DO 228-202 LN-HTA, OPERATED BY KATO AIRLINE AS". Accident Investigation Board Norway. Retrieved 11 March 2008. 
  26. ↑ aviation-safety
  27. ↑ "Crash: Agni D228 at Bastipur on Aug 24th 2010, technical problems". The Aviation Herald. 24 August 2010. Retrieved 24 August 2010. 
  28. ↑ Hradecky, Simon. "Accident: Tara D228 at Simikot on Jun 23rd 2011, hard landing results in runway excursion and gear collapse". Aviation Herald. Retrieved 25 June 2011. 
  29. ↑ "13 Indians among 15 killed in Nepal air crash". Hindustan Times. 14 May 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2012. 
  30. ↑ Corpflite Dirnier 228 Crashes On Landing
  31. ↑ Taylor 1999, p.195.
  • Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". Flight International, 14–20 December 2010. ISSN 0015-3710. pp. 26–53.
  • Hoyle, Craig. "World Air Forces Directory". Flight International, 13–19 December 2011. ISSN 0015-3710. pp. 26–52.
  • "Dornier's Way With Commuters". Air International, October 1987, Vol 33 No 4. Bromley, UK:Fine Scroll. ISSN 0306-5634. pp. 163–169, 201—202.
  • Taylor, John W.R. (editor). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988-89. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Defence Data, 1988. ISBN 0-7106-0867-5.
  • Taylor, Michael J.H. Brassey's World Aircraft Systems Directory 1999/2000. London:Brassey's, 1999. ISBN 1-85753-245-7.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dornier Do 228.
Dornier and Zeppelin-Lindau aircraft
Zeppelin-Lindau
1914-1919
Company designations
pre-1933
RLM designations
1933-1945
Company designations
post-1945
Aircraft produced by Fairchild Aircraft, subsidiaries, and successor companies
Manufacturer
designations
By role
Experimental
VZ-5
XC-120
XBQ-3
Passenger transports
FC-1
FC-2
21
22
24
41
42
45
46
51
71
72
81
82
91
92
100
135
140
150
228
PC-6
Military trainers
AT-21
PT-19
PT-23
PT-26
XNQ
Military transports and utility aircraft
AU-23
C-26
C-82
C-119
C-123
Fairchild (Canada)
Fairchild-Dornier
Fairchild Hiller
Fairchild Republic
Fairchild Swearingen
American Helicopter
See also
Ranger/Fairchild aeroengines
Lists relating to aviation
General
Military
Accidents/incidents
Records
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.