Dive Coaster

Dive Coaster
Oblivion's main drop at Alton Towers in the United Kingdom.
Status	In Production
First manufactured	1998
No. of installations	7
Manufacturer	Bolliger & Mabillard
Vehicle type	Floorless or normal seats located above the track
Riders per row	6 - 10
Restraint Style	Over-the-shoulder
Dive Coaster at RCDB

A Dive Coaster (previously known as Diving Machine) is a type of steel roller coaster manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard where riders experience a moment of free-falling with at least one 90-degree drop. Unlike other roller coasters where the lift hill takes the train directly to the first drop, a Dive Coaster lift hill leads to a flat section of track followed by a holding brake which stops the train just as it enters the vertical drop. After a few seconds, the train is released into the drop.

Development of the Dive Coaster began between 1994 and 1995 with Oblivion at Alton Towers opening on March 14, 1998, making it the world's first Dive Coaster. The trains for this type of coaster are relatively short consisting of two to three cars. Bolliger & Mabillard have recently begun to also use floorless trains on this model to enhance the experience. As of 2012, 7 Dive Coasters have been built.

Krake going through a "splashdown" at Heide Park in Germany

History

According to Walter Bolliger, development of the Dive Coaster began between 1994 and 1995.^[1] On March 14, 1998, the world's first Dive Coaster, Oblivion, opened at Alton Towers. Though Oblivion is classified as a Dive Coaster, it does not have a true vertical drop as the drop angle is 88.8-degrees.^[2] Two years later, the second Dive Coaster built, Diving Machine G5, opened at Janfusun Fancyworld and also does not have a vertical drop.^[3] In 2005, SheiKra opened at Busch Gardens Tampa Bay and was the first Dive Coaster to feature a 90-degree drop and a splashdown element.^[4][5] In 2007, Busch Gardens Williamsburg announced that Griffon would be the first ever Dive Coaster to feature floorless trains^[6] and SheiKra would have its trains replaced with floorless ones.^[7] Since SheiKra and Griffon, all Dive Coasters manufactured after them have a 90-degree vertical drop, a splashdown element, and floorless trains.^[8]

Design

An example of a Floorless Dive Coaster train on SheiKra.

The design of a Dive Coaster can vary sightly from one to another. Depending on the amusement park's request, one row on the train can seat anywhere from 6 to 10 riders. stadium seating is also used to give every rider a clear view. Next, compared to standard Bolliger & Mabillard 4 abreast cars, because of the extra weight of each car on a Dive Coaster, the size of the track must be larger than other B&M models (such as the Hyper Coaster) to support the weight.^[9] At the top of the primary vertical drop, a braking system holds the train for 3 to 5 seconds, giving riders a view of the drop ahead before being released into the drop.^[10][11]

In the station, Dive Coasters that use non-floorless trains simply use a standard station. With Dive Coasters that use floorless trains, in order to allow riders to load and unload the train, a movable floor is necessary. Because the front row has nothing in front of it to stop riders from walking over the edge of the station, a gate is placed in front of the train to prevent this from happening. Once all the over-the-shoulder restraints are locked, the gate opens and the floor separates into several pieces and moves underneath the station.^[10] When the next train enters the station, the gate is closed and the floors are brought back up where the next riders board.^[10]

Installations

Bolliger & Mabillard has built 7 Dive Coasters as of 2012. The roller coasters are listed in order of opening dates.

Name	Park	Country	Opened	Status
Oblivion	Alton Towers	United Kingdom	01998-03-14March 14, 1998	Operating	[2]
Diving Machine G5	Janfusun Fancyworld	Taiwan	02000-03-29March 29, 2000	Operating	[3]
SheiKra	Busch Gardens Tampa Bay	United States	02005-05-21May 21, 2005	Operating	[4]
Griffon	Busch Gardens Williamsburg	United States	02007-05-18May 18, 2007	Operating	[12]
Dive Coaster	Chimelong Paradise	China	02008-01-21January 21, 2008	Operating	[13]
Diving Coaster	Happy Valley Shanghai	China	02009-08-16August 16, 2009	Operating	[14]
Krake	Heide Park Resort	Germany	02011-04-16April 16, 2011	Operating	[15]

See also

• Floorless Coaster, a type of roller coaster also designed by Bolliger & Mabillard, that features floorless trains.

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dive Coasters.

• Official website