Disjunction elimination
Transformation rules |
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Propositional calculus |
Predicate logic |
- For the theorem of propositional logic which expresses Disjunction elimination, see Case analysis.
In propositional logic, disjunction elimination[1][2][3] (sometimes named proof by cases or case analysis), is the valid argument form and rule of inference that allows one to eliminate a disjunctive statement from a logical proof. It is the inference that if a statement implies a statement and a statement also implies , then if either or is true, then has to be true. The reasoning is simple: since at least one of the statements P and R is true, and since either of them would be sufficient to entail Q, Q is certainly true.
- If I'm inside, I have my wallet on me.
- If I'm outside, I have my wallet on me.
- It is true that either I'm inside or I'm outside.
- Therefore, I have my wallet on me.
It is the rule can be stated as:
where the rule is that whenever instances of "", and "" and "" appear on lines of a proof, "" can be placed on a subsequent line.
Formal notation
The disjunction elimination rule may be written in sequent notation:
where is a metalogical symbol meaning that is a syntactic consequence of , and and in some logical system;
and expressed as a truth-functional tautology or theorem of propositional logic:
where , , and are propositions expressed in some formal system.
See also
- Disjunction
- Argument in the alternative
- Disjunct normal form