Dibutyl phthalate
| Dibutyl phthalate | |
|---|---|
 | |
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| IUPAC name Dibutyl phthalate | |
| Other names Di-n-butyl phthalate, Butyl phthalate, n-Butyl phthalate, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester, o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester, DBP, Palatinol C, Elaol | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 84-74-2  |
| PubChem | 3026 |
| ChemSpider | 13837319  |
| UNII | 2286E5R2KE |
| EC number | 201-557-4 |
| KEGG | C14214 |
| RTECS number | TI0875000 |
| ATC code | P03 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C16H22O4 |
| Molar mass | 278.34 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless oily liquid |
| Density | 1.05 g/cm3 at 20 °C |
| Melting point | −35 °C; −31 °F; 238 K |
| Boiling point | 340 °C; 644 °F; 613 K |
| Solubility in water | 13 mg/L (25 °C) |
| log P | 4.72 |
| Hazards | |
| R-phrases | R50 R61 R62 |
| S-phrases | S45 S53 S61 |
| Main hazards | N), Harmful (Xi) |
| NFPA 704 |
 1
2
0
|
| Flash point | 157 °C (closed cup) |
| Autoignition temperature | 402 °C |
| Explosive limits | 0.5 - 3.5% |
| (verify) (what is: /?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a commonly used plasticizer. It is also used as an additive to adhesives or printing inks. It is soluble in various organic solvents, e.g. in alcohol, ether and benzene. DBP is also used as an ectoparasiticide.
Legislative control
European Union
The use of this substance in cosmetics, including nail polishes, is banned in the European Union under Directive 76/768/EEC 1976.[1]
The use of DBP has been restricted in the European Union for use in children's toys since 1999.[2]
United States
DBP was added to the California Proposition 65 (1986) list of suspected teratogens in November 2006. It is a suspected endocrine disruptor. It was used in some nail polishes; all major producers began eliminating this chemical from nail polishes in the Fall of 2006.
DBP was permanently banned in children's toys, in concentrations of 1000 ppm or greater, under section 108 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA).
Production
DBP is produced by the reaction of n-butanol with phthalic anhydride. It is or was produced in the United States by Eastman Chemical Company, but the company announced in March 2011 that it would end production and exit the DBP and DEP (diethyl phthalate) market in December 2011.[3]
With the exodus of all domestic producers the nearest supply option for DBP for U.S. customers is Miami Chemical, a company in Plantation, Florida which imports material from manufacturing partners located in South America.
Exposure
Based on urine samples from people of different ages, the European Commission Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER) concluded that total exposures to individual phthalates in the general population are below tolerable daily intakes (TDI), except in the case of DBP for which efforts to further reduce exposures are needed.[4]
Biodegradation
The white rot fungus Polyporus brumalis degrades DBP. [5]
See also
- Phthalic acid
- Phthalates
- Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)
References
- ↑ EU Council Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products
- ↑ Ban of phthalates in childcare articles and toys, press release IP/99/829, 10 November 1999
- ↑ "Eastman Announces Discontinuation of Manufacture of DEP and DBP Plasticizers". Eastman. March 16, 2011.
- ↑ "Phthalates in school supplies". GreenFacts Website. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- ↑ Ishtiaq Ali, Muhammad (2011). Microbial degradation of polyvinyl chloride plastics (Ph.D.). Quaid-i-Azam University. p. 48.
External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 0036
- MSDS sheet
- Dibutyl Phthalate and Cosmetics
- Hazardous substance fact sheet
- Occupational safety and health guideline for dibutyl phthalate
- CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
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