Deutsche Bahn

Deutsche Bahn AG

Type	Aktiengesellschaft
Industry	Transport
Predecessor(s)	Deutsche Reichsbahn (pre 1949) Deutsche Bundesbahn/Deutsche Reichsbahn (1949–1994)
Headquarters	Berlin, Germany
Area served	Europe
Key people	Rüdiger Grube
Products	Rail transport, Cargo transport, Services
Revenue	€39.296 billion (2012)[1]
Operating income	€2.708 billion (2012)[1]
Net income	€1.477 billion (2012)[1]
Owner(s)	Federal Republic of Germany (100%)
Employees	290,000 (2013)
Divisions	Arriva DB Schenker DB Bahn DB Netze
Subsidiaries	DB Fernverkehr DB Regio DB Schenker Rail Schenker AG DB Stadtverkehr
Website	deutschebahn.com

Deutsche Bahn AG (DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German railway company, a private joint-stock company (AG) with the Federal Republic of Germany being its majority shareholder^[2] with its headquarters in Berlin.^[3] Deutsche Bahn describes itself as the second-largest transport company in the world, after the German postal and logistics company Deutsche Post / DHL, and is the largest railway operator and infrastructure owner in Europe. It carries about two billion passengers each year.

Deutsche Bahn (literally "German Railway" in German) came into existence in 1994 as the successor to the former state railways of Germany, the Deutsche Bundesbahn of West Germany and the Deutsche Reichsbahn of East Germany.^[4] It also gained ownership of former railway assets in West Berlin held by the Verwaltung des ehemaligen Reichsbahnvermögens.

History

While the railway network in Germany dates back to 1835 when the first tracks were laid on a 6 km (3.7 mi) route between Nuremberg and Fürth, Deutsche Bahn has been a relatively recent development in German railway history. Founded in January 1994 as a joint stock-company, Deutsche Bahn was designed to operate the railways of both the former East and West Germany after unification in November 1989 as a single, uniform, and private company.^[5] There are three main periods of development in this unified German railway: its formation, its early years (1994–1999), and the period from 1999 to the present.

At its creation, DBAG took over the abbreviation and logo DB from the West German state railway Deutsche Bundesbahn, and later modernised the logo. Erik Spiekermann designed the new corporate font DB Type.

Originally, DBAG had its headquarters in Frankfurt am Main but moved to Potsdamer Platz in central Berlin in 1996, where it occupies a 26-storey office tower designed by Helmut Jahn at the eastern end of the Sony Center and named BahnTower. As the lease was to expire in 2010, DB had announced plans to relocate to Berlin Hauptbahnhof, and in 2007 a proposal for a new headquarters by 3XN Architects won an architectural competition which also included Foster + Partners, Dominique Perrault and Auer + Weber.^[6] However, these plans have been put on hold, and the BahnTower leased for at least three more years.^[7]

1999 to present

The second step of the Bahnreform (Railway reform) was carried out in 1999. All rolling stock, track, personnel, and real assets were divided between the holding company and the five principal subsidiaries of DBAG: DB Reise & Touristik AG (long distance passenger service, later renamed DB Fernverkehr AG), DB Regio AG (regional passenger services, in the course of the reform under charge of the federal states), DB Cargo AG (freight services, later changed to Railion AG), DB Netz AG (operating the railway system), and DB Station & Service AG (operating the stations). This new organisational scheme was introduced not least to implement European Community directive 91/440/EEC that demands access to railway systems free of discrimination.

In December 2007, DB reorganised again, bringing all passenger services into its DB Bahn arm, logistics under DB Schenker and infrastructure and operations under DB Netze.

The DB is owned by the Federal Republic. By the Constitution, the Federal Republic is required to retain (directly or indirectly) a majority of the infrastructure (the present DB Netze) stocks.

Members of the board

The corporate headquarters of Deutsche Bahn at Potsdamer Platz in Berlin

As of 2010 Rüdiger Grube is the director of the supervisory board. Other members of the board include:^[1]

• Richard Lutz (Finance & Controlling)^[1]
• Gert Becht (Compliance, Data security, Legal matters)^[1]
• Volker Kefer (Technics, Railway interconnection, Services and Infrastructure)^[1]
• Ulrich Weber (Human resources)^[1]

Additional supervisory members for the sub-division DB Mobility Logistics AG include:

• Ulrich Homburg (Passenger transport)^[1]
• Karl-Friedrich Rausch (Transportation and Logistics Passenger traffic)^[1]

Corporate subdivisions

DB is organized as a business group and as of 2011 had over 1,000 affiliates, of which 287 were in Germany.^[8]

The DB group (Deutsche Bahn AG) is divided into five main operations groups: Arriva, DB Bahn, DB Dienstleistungen, DB Netze, and DB Schenker. These subsidiaries are companies in their own right, although most of them are 100% owned by DBAG.^[1]

Arriva

Deutsche Bahn placed a bid in May 2010 for the UK-based transport company Arriva. Arriva runs bus and rail companies in 12 European countries. The merger was approved by the European Commission in August 2010, subject to DB divesting Arriva services in Germany (these are now run as Netinera). The merger became effective on 27 August 2010.^[9]

Services in the UK formerly run as DB Regio are now operated by a new subdivision of the company, Arriva UK Trains.

Including Arriva Trains Wales, Cross Country Trains, and Chiltern Railways.

DB Bahn

DB Bahn is the group that manages passenger travel within Germany. Originally called Reise & Touristik, this group is responsible for the managing, ticketing, servicing and running of all German Intercity-Express, EuroCity, Intercity and Regionalbahn trains, and many commuter-oriented urban Stadtschnellbahn (generally abbreviated as S-Bahn) networks within Germany. The group also handles the information and customer service side of the operation.^[1] This group is divided into three business areas: DB Fernverkehr, DB Regio and DB Stadtverkehr.

DB Fernverkehr

An ICE 3 long-distance high speed train of DB Fernverkehr

DB Fernverkehr AG is a semi-independent division of Deutsche Bahn that operates long-distance passenger trains in Germany. It was founded in 1999 in the second stage of the privatisation of German Federal Railways under the name of DB Reise&Touristik and renamed in 2003.

DB Fernverkehr operates all InterCityExpress and InterCity trains in Germany as well as several EuroCity trains throughout Europe. Unlike its sister companies DB Regio and Railion (formerly DB Cargo), DB Fernverkehr still holds a de facto monopoly in its segment of the market as it operates hundreds of trains per day, while all competitors' long-distance services (Veolia Verkehr most notably) combined amount to no more than 10-15 trains per day.

DB Regio

A regional train of DB Regio

DB Regio AG is the subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn that operates passenger trains on short and medium distances in Germany. Unlike its long-distance counterpart, DB Fernverkehr, it does not operate trains on its own account. Traffic is ordered and paid for by the Bundesländer (states) or their Landkreise (counties). Competition for those state-sponsored services is somewhat more fierce than for long-distance services. Some states have awarded long-term contracts to DB Regio (usually 10 to 15 years).

DB Stadtverkehr

DB Stadtverkehr was responsible for commuter services of the Berlin and Hamburg S-Bahns and numerous bus companies (see Bahnbus). The subsidiary was integrated into DB Regio on 31 December 2010. The two S-Bahn networks handle over 500 million passengers annually.^[10]

DB Netze

Since the end of 2007 DB Netze has been responsible for infrastructure and operations, taking over from DB Netz AG. Its business areas including DB Netze Fahrweg, DB Netze Energie, DB Netze Personenbahnhöfe, DB ProjektBau and DB Station&Service. A further business area known as DB Dienstleistungen covers six different areas of operations: DB Fahrzeuginstandhaltung, DB Systel, DB Services, DB Fuhrpark, DB Kommunikationstechnik, and DB Sicherheit.

DB Schenker

DB Schenker is the logistics arm of DB, as of 2008 it employed over 88,000 people, and was the largest European rail freight company.^[11]

Its two business areas are DB Schenker Rail (formerly Railion.^[1]) and DB Schenker Logistics. Other subsidiaries include Bax Global, Transfesa, and the former EWS, now DB Schenker Rail (UK) Ltd. DB Schenker Rail has its head office in Mainz, and is the holding company for the five (at 1 January 2009) national subsidiaries: Railion Deutschland, Railion Nederland, Railion Danmark, Railion Italy, and Railion Schweiz.

Foreign firms

DB also has interests abroad, owning rail freight company EWS in the UK, which also operates the British Royal Train^[12] and also has interests in Eastern Europe. It is possible to obtain train times for any journey in Europe from Deutsche Bahn's website.^[13]

Trans-Eurasia Logistics is a joint venture with Russian Railways (RZD) that operates container freight trains between Germany and China via Russia.

Rolling stock

v t e Classes of German electric locomotives Current class numbering 101 103 104 109 110 111 112 112 (old) 113 114 114 (old) 115 116 117 118 119 120 127 128 132 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 146.1 146.2 150 151 152 152 (DB) 155 156 160 163 169 171 175 180 181 182 182 (old) 183 183 (old) 184 185 186 188 189 190 191 193 193 (old) 194 Pre-1968 class numbering E 03 E 04 E 05 E 10 E 10.12 E 15 E 16 E 17 E 18 E 19 E 21 E 32 E 36 E 40 E 41 E 44 E 50 E 52 E 60 E 61 E 62 E 63 E 69 E 70.2 E 71 E 72 E 73 E 75 E 77 E 79 E 80 E 91 E 91.3 E 92 E 93 E 94 E 95 E 244 E 310 E 320 E 344 E 410 DR classes 204 211 212 218 230 242 243 244 250 251 252 254 Older DR classes E 04 E 05 E 11 E 17 E 18 E 21 E 42 E 44 E 77 E 94 E 95 E 251 see also Category:Deutsche Bundesbahn locomotives, Category:Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) locomotives, Category:Deutsche Bahn locomotives

v t e Classes of German EMUs and battery railcars BR number 401 402 403 403 alt 406 407 410 411 415 420 421 422 423 424 425 425 alt 426 426 alt 427 427 alt 428 430 440 442 450 465 485 alt 490 491 Older, pre-1968 classes ET 11 ET 25 ET 26 ET 27 ET 31 ET 41 ET 51 ET 55 ET 65 ET 82 ET 85 ET 90 ET 91 ("Gläserner Zug") Battery railcars 515 517 ETA 150 ETA 176 ETA 178 ETA 179 S-Bahn EMUs Berlin 475 476 477 480 481 485 ET 125 ET 165 ET 166 ET 167 ET 168 ET 169 ET 170 270 Hamburg 470 471 472 473 474 ET 99 ET 170 ET 171

v t e Classes of German diesel locomotives Deutsche Bundesbahn (pre-1994) see also DB locomotives 201 202 210 211–214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 230 232 236 240 245 V50 251 252 259 260, 261 265 270 279 280 V88 288 290, 291 299 331, 332, 333, 335 Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) (pre-1994) see also DR locomotives 100.0 100.1–9 101 102.0 102.1 103 105 106 107 108–115 118 119 120 130, 131 132 142 199.0 Kö 199.0–1 199.3 199.8 V 36 K Deutsche Bahn AG (post-1994) see also DBAG locomotives 201–204 210.4 211–214 215 216 217 218 219 220 223 225 226 228 229 232–234 240 241 242 246 247 (EMD 66) 247 (Vectron) 250 253 259 260 and 261 264 266 275 285 290, 291, 294–296 298 333, 335 360 361 362 363 364 365 760

v t e Classes of German DMUs BR number 601 602 605 608 610 611 612 612 alt 613 613 alt 614 618 624 627 628 629 633 634 636 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 648 650 660 670 672 675 690 691 692 699 771 772 795 796 797 798 Pre-1968 classes VT 04.0 VT 04.1 VT 04.5 VT 06 VT 07.5 VT 08.5 VT 10.5 VT 11.5 VT 12.5 VT 23.5 VT 24 VT 25.5 VT 30 VT 32 VT 33 VT 36.5 VT 38 VT 45.5 VT 46.5 VT 50 VT 51 VT 60.5 VT 62 VT 63 VT 66 VT 69 VT 70 VT 72 VT 75 VT 78 VT 79 VT 86 VT 88 VT 89 VT 90.5 VT 92.5 VT 95 VT 97 VT 98 Old DRG numbers VT 7 VT 10 VT 20 VT 133 VT 135 VT 137 SVT 137 VT 814 VT 815 SVT 877 DR in the GDR 171 172 173 175 181 183 184 185 186 187 188 VT 2.09 VT 4.12 VT 12.14 VT 18.16 Special trains Flying Hamburger ICE TD Integral TEE Diesel railbuses Esslingen railbus MAN railbus Uerdingen railbus Wismar railbus RegioSprinter

Codeshare agreements

In conjunction with Emirates, China Airlines, TAM Airlines, and Lufthansa, Deutsche Bahn operates the AiRail Service between Frankfurt Airport and Cologne/Bonn, Düsseldorf, Freiburg, Hamburg, Hanover, Mannheim, Munich, Nuremberg, and Stuttgart. Deutsche Bahn has the IATA designator 2A.^[1]

See also

• Bahn TV
• DB Fernverkehr
• DB NachtZug
• DB Regio
• Rail transport in Germany
• Railway electrification system
• Transport in Germany

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Deutsche Bahn.

• Official website
• DB Corporate Home Page
• DB travel portal
• Pictures of German trains

v t e Deutsche Bahn Current departments (post 2007) DB Bahn DB Netze DB Schenker Arriva Current business areas (post 2007) DB Dienstleistungen DB Fernverkehr DB Netze Energie DB Netze Fahrweg DB Netze Personenbahnhöfe DB Netze Projektbau DB Regio DB Schenker Rail (pre 2009: 'Railion') DB Schenker Logistics DB Stadtverkehr DB Station&Service Services Intercity-Express Intercity InterRegio (defunct) Interregio-Express Regional-Express Regionalbahn S-Bahn City Night Line DB AutoZug Metropolitan (defunct) International Services EuroCity Thalys Former business areas (2000-07) CityNightLine DB Cargo DB Netz DB Reise & Touristik Railion (to early 2009) United Kingdom DB Schenker Rail (UK) Arriva UK Trains Arriva Trains Wales Chiltern Railways CrossCountry Grand Central London Overground (50%) Tyne and Wear Metro History Deutsche Reichsbahn Deutsche Bundesbahn Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) Related topics Rail transport in Germany BahnTower Bahn TV BahnCard Category Commons

v t e German railway companies German railway history History of rail transport in Germany History of the railway in Württemberg Länderbahnen German railway companies Deutsche Bahn Deutsche Bundesbahn Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany) Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft Länderbahnen Alsace-Lorraine Baden Bavaria Mecklenburg Oldenburg Palatinate Prussia Saxony Württemberg