Derbyshire Yeomanry

The Derbyshire Yeomanry
Cap badge of The Derbyshire Yeomanry
Active	22 October 1794 - 1957
Country	United Kingdom
Branch	Territorial Army
Type	Yeomanry
Size	Regiment

The Derbyshire Yeomanry was a yeomanry unit of the British Army, first raised in 1794, which served as a cavalry regiment and dismounted infantry regiment in the First World War and provided two reconnaissance regiments in the Second World War, before being amalgamated into The Leicestershire and Derbyshire (Prince Albert's Own) Yeomanry in 1957.

Early history

The regiment was first formed as the Derbyshire Corps of Fencible Cavalry in 1794, as a regiment of full-time fencible soldiers for home defence. The regiment changed shortly thereafter to the Derbyshire Corps of Yeomanry Cavalry, a part-time yeomanry regiment, and was dispersed in individual troops. In 1834, the troops were regimented as the Derbyshire Yeomanry Cavalry, who sponsored two companies of the Imperial Yeomanry in 1900, for service in the South African War, and in 1901 was itself reorganized as mounted infantry as the Derbyshire Imperial Yeomanry. In 1908 it was transferred into the Territorial Force, returning to a cavalry role and equipping as dragoons, under the new title of The Derbyshire Yeomanry.^[1]

First World War

The regiment mobilised in August 1914 as part of the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade, but remained in England until 1915, when it moved to Egypt with the 7th Mounted Brigade, 2nd Mounted Division. It then sailed for Gallipoli, where it saw action at the Battle of Scimitar Hill, serving as dismounted infantry, and took heavy losses. Returning to Egypt in December, the regiment was employed with the Western Frontier Force in the Senussi Campaign, before moving to Salonika in February 1916. One squadron served with the 27th Division from March to June 1916, whilst the regiment remained as GHQ reserve in Macedonia until the end of the war.

The regiment raised a second-line battalion, the 2/1st Derbyshire Yeomanry, in September 1914; this remained in the United Kingdom as part of the 9th Mounted Brigade, 2/2nd Mounted Division, it did not see service, and was converted into a cyclist unit in 1916. Some 165 men and four officers from this battalion were drafted to France to reinforce the 14th Battalion, the Durham Light Infantry in October 1916. A third-line battalion was formed in 1915, which remained in the United Kingdom until it was absorbed into the 4th Reserve Cavalry Regiment in 1917.^[2]

Following demobilisation after the War, the regiment was reconstituted in 1920 in the Territorial Army. In 1921 it was reorganised as the 24th (Derbyshire Yeomanry) Armoured Car Company of the Tank Corps; in April 1939 it returned to full regimental status as the Derbyshire Yeomanry, being mechanised and transferred to the Royal Armoured Corps (RAC).^[1]

Second World War

In August 1939, the regiment was duplicated, producing the 1st Derbyshire Yeomanry and 2nd Derbyshire Yeomanry, both of which mobilised along with the Territorial Army on the outbreak of war in September. They were equipped with armoured cars, serving as reconnaissance units.

Both regiments saw service in the North African Campaign; in 1942, the 2nd Derbyshire fought at the Battle of Alam el Halfa and the Second Battle of El Alamein (as part of 7th Armoured Division). The 1st Derbyshire, meanwhile, had landed in Tunisia in late 1942 as the reconnaissance regiment of the 6th Armoured Division, fighting at Medjez el Bab. During the race to the Tunisian coast, it fought at the Kasserine Pass and Foundouk, finally reaching Tunis in March 1943. The 1st Derbyshire then moved to Italy with the 6th Armoured, where it saw heavy fighting during May 1944, including action at the Battle of Monte Cassino. Through July and August, it fought in the advance to Florence, and in April 1945 saw action at the Argenta Gap and Fossa Cembalina.

Returning to the United Kingdom in 1943, the 2nd was assigned to 51st (Highland) Infantry Division, where it served as the divisional reconnaissance regiment until the end of the war. It received battle honours for actions in August, fighting at the Dives Crossing, La Vie Crossing and Lisieux during the crossing of the Seine; in September and October, it received honours for fighting on the Lower Maas, and in January 1945 for fighting at Ourthe during the Battle of the Bulge. The regiment received battle honours for fighting in the Rhineland and the Reichswald in February, and crossed the Rhine in March in Operation Plunder.

After the War, the regiment reconstituted in the Territorial Army. In 1957 it amalgamated with The Leicestershire Yeomanry (Prince Albert's Own), forming The Leicestershire and Derbyshire (Prince Albert's Own) Yeomanry.^[1]

Timeline (postwar)

Feb 1957
Amalgamated with the Leicestershire (P.A.O.) Yeomanry, RAC (TA), to form The Leicestershire and Derbyshire (Prince Albert's Own) Yeomanry.

1967
Reduced to cadre strength.

April 1971
Re-established as Leicestershire and Derbyshire (Prince Albert's Own) Yeomanry Squadron, 7th Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment.

Successors (1985)
The Leicestershire and Derbyshire (Prince Albert's Own) Company, 7th (Volunteer) Battalion, The Royal Anglian Regiment, and B (Leicestershire and Derbyshire Yeomanry) Company, 3rd (Volunteer) Battalion, The Worcestershire and Sherwood Forestors Regiment.

March 1992 B (Leicestershire and Derbyshire (Prince Albert's Own) Yeomanry) Squadron, The Royal Yeomanry, RAC (TA).

References