Dense subgraph
In computer science the notion of highly connected subgraphs appears frequently. This notion can be formalized as follows. Let be an undirected graph and let be a subgraph of . Then the density of is defined to be .
The densest subgraph problem is that of finding a subgraph of maximum density. In 1984, Andrew V. Goldberg developed a polynomial time algorithm to find the maximum density subgraph using a max flow technique.
Densest subgraph
There are many variations on the densest subgraph problem. There is the densest subgraph problem, where the objective is to find the maximum density subgraph on exactly vertices. This problem is known to be NP-Hard by a reduction from the clique problem. The densest subgraph problem is NP-Complete even in planar graphs by a reduction from the connected vertex cover problem on planar graphs with maximum degree 4. There does not exist a polynomial-time approximation scheme (PTAS) for the densest subgraph problem this is by a reduction from the Minimum Distance of Code problem.
Densest at most subgraph
The objective of the densest at most problem is to find the maximum density subgraph on at most vertices. Anderson and Chellapilla showed that if there exists an approximation for this problem then that will lead to an approximation for the densest subgraph problem.
Densest at least subgraph
The densest at least problem is defined similarly to the densest at most subgraph problem. There is a 2-approximation due to Anderson. But the complexity of this problem is still unknown.
References
- Goldberg, A. V. (1984), "Finding a maximum density subgraph", Technical report.
- Feige, U.; Kortsarz, G.; Peleg, D. (1997), "The dense k-subgraph problem", Algorithmica 29: 410–421.
- Keil, J.; Brecht, T. (1991), "The complexity of clustering in planar graphs", The Journal of Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing 9: 155–159.
- Khot, S. (2006), "Ruling out PTAS for graph min-bisection, dense k-subgraph, and bipartite clique", SIAM Journal on Computing 36: 1025–1071.
- Anderson, R.; Chellapilla, K. (2009), "Finding dense subgraphs with size bounds", WAW: 25–36.
- Anderson, R. (2007), "Finding large and small dense subgraphs", CoRR.
- Khuller, S.; Saha, B. (2009), "On finding dense subgraphs", The International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming.