Denotified Tribes

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Denotified Tribes (DNTs), also known as vimukta jati,[1] are the tribes that were originally listed under the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871,[2] as Criminal Tribes and "addicted to the systematic commission of non-bailable offences." Once a tribe became "notified" as criminal, all its members were required to register with the local magistrate, failing which they would be charged with a crime under the Indian Penal Code. The Criminal Tribes Act of 1952 repealed the notification, i.e. ‘de-notified’ the tribal communities. This act, however, was replaced by a series of Habitual Offenders Acts, that asked police to investigate a suspect’s criminal tendencies and whether his occupation is "conducive to settled way of life." The denotified tribes were reclassified as habitual offenders in 1959.

The creation of these categories should be seen in the context of colonialism. The British authorities listed them separately by creating a category of castes or tribes labelled as criminal.

The name "Criminal Tribes" is itself a misnomer as no definition of tribe denotes occupation, but they were identified as tribes doing their primary occupation. The first Census was in 1871 and at that time there was no consensus nor any definition of "tribe". The terms "Tribe" and "Caste" were used interchangeably for these communities. In this colonial context, the term "Tribe" connoted the notions of primitiveness and backwardness and hence the assumption that these tribes needed to be civilized or transformed.[citation needed]

Call for repeal

The UN’s anti-discrimination body Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) asked India to repeal the Habitual Offenders Act (1952) and effectively rehabilitate the denotified and nomadic tribes on March 9, 2007.[3]

Reservations

In 2008, the National Commission for Denotified, Nomadic and Semi-Nomadic Tribes (NCDNSNT) of Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment recommended equal reservations, as available to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, for around 11 crore people belonging to the denotified tribes, nomadic or semi-nomadic tribes in India.[4] Along with the tribes designated as, "Nomadic" or "Semi-Nomadic", the denotified tribes are eligible for reservation.[5][6]

The govt of Tamil Nadu has declared the following communities as denotified communities (G.O. Ms. No. 100 BC and MBCW Dept dated 24-11-97)

  1. Attur Kilnad Koravars (Salem, Namakkal, Cuddalore, Villupuram, Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga and Virudhunagar Districts)
  2. Attur Melnad Koravars (Salem and Namakkal District)
  3. Appanad Kondayam kottai Maravar (Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Ramanathapuram, Madurai,Theni and Dindigul Districts)
  4. Ambalakarar (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  5. Ambalakkarar (Suriyanur, Tiruchirapalli District)
  6. Boyas (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai, The Nilgiris, Salem Namakkal and Dharmapuri Districts)
  7. Battu Turkas
  8. C.K. Koravars(Cuddalore and Villupuram Districts)
  9. Chakkala (Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Ramanathapuram, Thanjavur, Nagapattinam,Tiruvarur, Pudukottai Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul and the Nilgiris Districts)
  10. Changyampudi Koravars (Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  11. Chettinad Valayars (Sivaganga, Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram Districts)
  12. Dombs(Pudukottai,Tiruchirapalli, Karur and Perambalur Districts)
  13. Dobba Koravars (alem and Namakkal Districts)
  14. Dommars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  15. Donga Boya
  16. Donga Ur.Korachas
  17. Devagudi Talayaris
  18. Dobbai Korachas (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  19. Dabi Koravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai, Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  20. Donga Dasaris (Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai, Chennai, Salem and Namakkal Districts)
  21. Gorrela Dodda Boya
  22. Gudu Dasaris
  23. Gandarvakottai Koravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai Cuddalore and Villupuram Districts)
  24. Gandarvakottai Kallars(Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur and Pudukottai Districts)
  25. Inji Koravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  26. Jogis (Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, Chennai, Cuddalore, Villupuram, Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  27. Jambavanodai
  28. Kaladis (Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Ramanathapuram, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Karur and Perambalur Districts)
  29. Kal Oddars (Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Pudukottai, Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Tirunelveli, Toothukudi, Salem and Namakkal Districts)
  30. Koravars (Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Pudukottai, Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Thiravarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Tirunelveli, Thoothukadi, Chennai, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul and The Nilgiris Districts)
  31. Kalinji Dabikoravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur and Pudukottai Districts)
  32. Kootappal Kallars (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  33. Kala Koravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  34. Kalavathila Boyas
  35. Kepmaris (Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Karur and Perambalur Districts)
  36. Maravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli and Toothukudi Districts)
  37. Monda Koravars
  38. Monda Golla (Salem and Namakkal Districts)
  39. Mutlakampatti (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  40. Nokkars (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  41. Nellorepet Oddars (Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  42. Oddars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai, Madurai, Theni and Dindigul Districts)
  43. Pedda Boyas (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  44. Ponnai Koravars (Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  45. Piramalai Kallars ( Sivaganga, Virudhunagar, Ramanathapuram, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Pudukottai, Thanjavur, Nagapattinam and Tiruvarur Districts)
  46. Peria Suriyur Kallars (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  47. Padayachi (Vellayan Kuppam in Cuddalore District and Tennore in Tiruchirapalli District)
  48. Punnan Vettuva Gounder (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  49. Servai (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  50. Salem Melnad Koravars (Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Coimbatore, Erode, Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Salem, Namakkal, Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  51. Salem Uppu Koravars (Salem and Namakkal Districts)
  52. Sakkaraithamadai Koravars (Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  53. Saranga Palli Koravars
  54. Sooramari Oddars (Salem and Namakkal Districts)
  55. Sembanad Maravars (Sivaganga, Virudunagar and Ramanathapuram Districts)
  56. Thalli Koravars(Salem and Namakkal Districts)
  57. Telungapattti Chettis (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  58. Thottia Naickers (Sivaganga, Virudunagar, Ramanathapuram, Kancheepuram, Tiruvallur, Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai. Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Salem, Namakkal, Vellore, Tiruvannamalai, Coimbatore and Erode Districts)
  59. Thogamalai Koravars or Kepmaris (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  60. Uppukoravars or Settipalli Koravars (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur, Pudukottai, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Vellore and Tiruvannamalai Districts)
  61. Urali Gounders (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  62. Wayalpad or Nawalpeta Korachas
  63. Vaduvarpatti Koravars (Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Ramanathapuram, Sivaganga, Virudunagar, Tirunelveli, Thoothukudi, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  64. Valayars (Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Pudukottai, Erode and Coimbatore Districts)
  65. Vettaikarar (Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Tiruvarur and Pudukottai Districts)
  66. Vetta Koravars (Salem and Namakkal Districts)
  67. Varaganeri Koravars (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)
  68. Vettuva Gounder (Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur and Pudukottai Districts)

See also

Further reading

References

  1. ↑ "List Of Vimukt Jatis (Denotifiedl Tribes) and Tapriwas Jatis". Directorate of Social Justice & Empowerment, Government of Haryana. Retrieved 2011-09-28. 
  2. ↑ Year of Birth - 1871: Mahasweta Devi on India's Denotified Tribes by Mahasveta Devi. indiatogether.org.
  3. ↑ Repeal the Habitual Offenders Act and affectively rehabilitate the denotified tribes, UN to India Asian Tribune, Mon, March 19, 2007.
  4. ↑ Panel favours reservation for nomadic tribes by Raghvendra Rao, Indian Express, August 21, 2008.
  5. ↑ Neelabh Mishra (2008-10-06). "A Little Carvanserai". Outlook 48 (40): 14. 
  6. ↑ List of Castes – Maharashtra State

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