Dawn Fraser

Dawn Fraser

Dawn Fraser in May 2012
Personal information
Full name	Dawn Fraser
Nationality	Australian
Born	(1937-09-04) 4 September 1937 Balmain, New South Wales
Height	1.72 m (5 ft 8 in)
Weight	67 kg (148 lb)
Sport
Sport	Swimming
Stroke(s)	Freestyle
Medal record Women’s Swimming Competitor for  Australia Olympic Games Gold 1956 Melbourne 100 m freestyle Gold 1956 Melbourne 4×100 m freestyle Gold 1960 Rome 100 m freestyle Gold 1964 Tokyo 100 m freestyle Silver 1956 Melbourne 400 m freestyle Silver 1960 Rome 4×100 m freestyle Silver 1960 Rome 4×100 m medley Silver 1964 Tokyo 4×100 m freestyle British Empire and Commonwealth Games Gold 1958 Cardiff 110 yd freestyle Gold 1958 Cardiff 4×110 yd freestyle relay Gold 1962 Perth 110 yd freestyle Gold 1962 Perth 440 yd freestyle Gold 1962 Perth 4×110 yd freestyle relay Gold 1962 Perth 4×110 yd medley relay Silver 1958 Cardiff 440 yd freestyle

Dawn Fraser AO MBE, (born 4 September 1937) is an Australian champion swimmer and politician. She is one of only three swimmers to win the same Olympic event three times – in her case the 100 metres freestyle.^[1]

Within Australia, she is known for her controversial behaviour and larrikin character as much as for her athletic ability.

Early life

Fraser was born in the Sydney suburb of Balmain in 1937 into a working-class family. She was spotted at the early age of 14 by Sydney coach Harry Gallagher swimming at the local sea baths.

Swimming career

Fraser won eight Olympic medals, including four gold medals, and six Commonwealth Games gold medals. She also held 6700 records. The 100 metres freestyle record was hers for 15 years from 1 December 1956 to 8 January 1972.

She is the first of only three swimmers in Olympic history (Krisztina Egerszegi of Hungary and Michael Phelps of USA being the two others) to win individual gold medals for the same event at three successive Olympics (100 metres freestyle – 1956, 1960, 1964).

In October 1962, she became the first woman to swim 100 metres freestyle in less than one minute.^[2] It was not until 1973, eight years after Fraser retired, that her 100m record of 58.9 secs was broken.^[3]

During the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Fraser angered swimming team sponsors and the Australian Swimming Union (ASU) by marching in the opening ceremony against their wishes, and wearing an older swimming costume in competition because it was more comfortable than the one supplied by the sponsors. She was accused of stealing an Olympic flag from a flagpole outside Emperor Hirohito's palace from the Kōkyo. She was arrested but released without charge. In the end she was given the flag as a souvenir.^[4] However, the Australian Swimming Union suspended her for 10 years. They relented a few months before the 1968 Games but by then it was too late for Fraser, at 31, to prepare.

She would later deny swimming the moat to steal the flag, telling The Times in 1991: "There's no way I would have swum that moat. I was terrified of dirty water and that moat was filthy. There's no way I'd have dipped my toe in it."

Post-swimming activities

Fraser became a publican at the Riverview Hotel, Balmain, and took up swimming coaching. In 1988, she was elected an independent Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the seat of Balmain. Fraser left politics when the seat was abolished in 1991.^[1][5]

Honours

She was named the Australian of the Year in 1964,^[6] was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1967,^[7] and appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in 1998.^[8] Also in 1998, she was voted Australia's greatest female athlete in history.^{[citation needed]} She was named Australian Female Athlete of the Century by the Sport Australia Hall of Fame,^[9] who had inducted her as their first female member in 1985.^[10] In 1999 the International Olympic Committee named her the World's Greatest Living Female Water Sports Champion.^{[citation needed]} on 14 July 2000, Fraser was awarded the Australian Sports Medal for "outstanding contribution as a swimming competitor".^[11]

She was one of the bearers of the Olympic Torch at the opening ceremony of the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She carried the Olympic Torch at the stadium, as one of the bearers for the final segment, before the lighting of the Olympic Flame.

The Australian Sport Awards includes an award named in honour of and presented by Fraser. There is also a ferry named after her that operates on the Parramatta River in Sydney.

Personal life

She married Gary Ware in the 1960s, but the marriage was short-lived. She has one daughter, Dawn-Lorraine, and a grandson.

In film

In 1979, a movie called Dawn was made about Fraser's life and career. It starred Bronwyn Mackay-Payne as Fraser.

Fraser was played by Melissa Thomas in the 2003 film Swimming Upstream. Fraser herself is credited in the film as Dawn Fraser's coach.

Olympic accomplishments

Dawn Fraser in 1958

• 1962 Perth Commonwealth Games
  • 110 yards freestyle – gold medal
  • 440 yards freestyle – gold medal
  • 4 x 110 yards (4 x 100.58 metres) freestyle relay – gold medal
  • 4 x 110 yards (4 x 100.58 metres) medley relay – gold medal

See also

• List of multiple Olympic gold medalists in one event
• List of multiple Olympic gold medalists

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dawn Fraser.

• Australian Olympic Committee Profile
• Dawn Fraser's world records
• Dawn Fraser at the Internet Movie Database