Czechowice-Dziedzice

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Czechowice-Dziedzice
John Paul II Square

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Czechowice-Dziedzice
Coordinates: 49°54′46.65″N 19°0′22.72″E / 49.9129583°N 19.0063111°E / 49.9129583; 19.0063111Coordinates: 49°54′46.65″N 19°0′22.72″E / 49.9129583°N 19.0063111°E / 49.9129583; 19.0063111
Country  Poland
Voivodeship Silesian
County Bielsko
Gmina Czechowice-Dziedzice
Government
 • Mayor Marian Błachut
Area
 • Total 32.98 km2 (12.73 sq mi)
Population (2012)
 • Total 35,498
 • Density 1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 43-502, 43-503, 43-500
Car plates SBI
Website http://www.czechowice-dziedzice.pl

Czechowice-Dziedzice [t͡ʂɛxɔˈvit͡sɛ d͡ʑɛˈd͡ʑit͡sɛ] ( listen) is a town in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland with 35,498 inhabitants (2012). It lies on the northeastern edge of the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. With four stations, it is a large rail junction,[1] located at the intersection of two major lines - east-west (Trzebinia - Zebrzydowice), and north - south (Katowice - Bielsko-Biala).

History

The village of Czechowice was first mentioned in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from around 1305 as two settlements: Chotowitz theuthonico and Chotowitz polonico.[2] Chotowitz theutonico (German Czechowice) was presumably established under German rights (iure theuthonico) on the ground of the older Chotowitz polonico, which was continuously rulling itself under Polish traditional rights (iure polonico).[3] The declared size of tithe paid by villagers was also suggesting that it was an old and quite developed settlement.[4] It belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290, since 1327 a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1430 the village was first mentioned under the current name of Czechowice rather than Chatowice. Dziedzice was first mentioned in 1465. The other medieval village that was later absorbed by Czechowice was Żebracz, first mentioned in 1443.[5]

In 1855 a local line of the important Emperor Ferdinand Northern Railway was opened to traffic with a station in Dziedzice. This led to a rapid industrialization of Dziedzice and Czechowice, especially in the late 19th century.

During the Oil Campaign of World War II, the oil refinery at "Czechowice" was bombed on August 20, 1944. The Tschechowitz I & II subcamps of Auschwitz in Czechowice-Dziedzice provided forced labor for the SOCONY-Vacuum oil plant.[6]

In 1951 Dziedzice were submerged into Czechowice, concurrently the expanded gmina was given town rights.[7] However the name of the new town was Czechowice, which disappointed the citizens of Dziedzice. After complaints in 1958 the town was given the name of Czechowice-Dziedzice.[8]

From 1975 to 1998 it was located in the Katowice Voivodeship, and since 1999 in Silesian Voivodeship.

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland

Twin towns - Sister cities

Gallery

  • Town hall

  • The oldest church of St. Catherine

  • Christ the Redeemer church

  • Silesia coal mine

  • Workers' houses in Żebracz

References

Notes
  1. ↑ Urząd Miejski w Czechowicach-Dziedzicach: Rozwój miasta
  2. ↑ Panic, Idzi (2010). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) [Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 297. ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5. 
  3. ↑ I. Panic, 2010, p. 401
  4. ↑ I. Panic, 2010, p. 402
  5. ↑ I. Panic, 2010, p. 313
  6. ↑ "Sub-Camps of Auschwitz Concentration Camp". Auschwitz-Birkenau: Memorial and Museum. auschwitz.org.pl. Retrieved 2009-05-21. 
  7. ↑ Rozporządzenie Prezesa Rady Ministrów z dnia 14 grudnia 1950 r. w sprawie zniesienia gminy Dziedzice, zmiany granic niektórych gmin oraz nadania ustroju miejskiego gminie Czechowice., Dz. U. z 1950 r. Nr 57, poz. 514
  8. ↑ Zarządzenie nr 231 Prezesa Rady Ministrów z dnia 13 listopada 1958 r. w sprawie zmiany nazw niektórych miejscowości w województwach katowickim, poznańskim, wrocławskim i lubelskim., M.P. z 1958 r. Nr 89, poz. 496
  9. ↑ "Žilina - oficiálne stránky mesta: Partnerské mestá Žiliny [Žilina: Official Partner Cities]". 2008 MaM Multimedia, s.r.o. Retrieved 2008-12-11. 

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