Cyclone Christine
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 Cyclone Christine at peak intensity on 30 December | |||||
| Formed | 25 December 2013 | ||||
| Dissipated | 1 January 2014 | ||||
| Highest winds |
10-minute sustained: 155 km/h (100 mph) 1-minute sustained: 155 km/h (100 mph) Gusts: 220 km/h (140 mph) | ||||
| Lowest pressure | 950 mbar (hPa); 28.05 inHg | ||||
| Areas affected | Northern Territory, Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria | ||||
| Part of the 2013–14 Australian region cyclone season | |||||
Severe Tropical Cyclone Christine was the third tropical cyclone and the second severe tropical cyclone of the 2013–14 Australian region cyclone season. It made landfall on Western Australia's Pilbara coast nearly halfway between the major towns of Karratha and Port Hedland as a category 3 cyclone on midnight of 31 December 2013.
Meteorological history
On 22 December, TCWC Perth and TCWC Darwin reported that a tropical low had formed north of Darwin. The low, 04U, made landfall near Kalumburu in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. A flash tropical cyclone warning was issued for the region but the low did not strengthen enough prior to landfall around 25 December. The low then moved across the region before drifting into the Indian Ocean. It reformed on 28 December, it was upgraded to Category 1 status and named Christine.[1] The large size of the storm meant that Christine took a while to form before attaining cyclone status. It intensified into a Category 2 storm on 29 December and to Category 3 on 30 December. Watches and warnings were issued for areas between Derby and Exmouth, extending inland beyond the Pilbara to the Mid West and Goldfields-Esperance region around Wiluna and Leinster.
Christine made landfall between Roebourne and Whim Creek while strengthening around midnight on 31 December, with the eye passing through Roebourne itself, with Wickham skirting the edge of the eye. The storm began to turn to the southeast and began to weaken slowly.
Impact
Upon making landfall, Christine produced heavy rainfall across a large section of the West Australian Pilbara. In Roebourne, a total of 134.2 mm (5.28 in) was recorded by a rain gauge before the instrument failed, while the maximum daily precipitation total of 168 mm (6.6 in) was observed in Abydos North. Additionally, Port Hedland recorded 123.2 mm (4.85 in), Karratha 112.8 mm (4.44 in), while thunderstorms along Christine's outer bands produced three day totals of 181.8 mm (7.16 in) in Broome and 137.2 mm (5.40 in) in Lagrange Bay. All mining and shipping operations were cancelled in Port Hedland, however no actual damage to mining infrastructure was reported.[2] Roebourne and Wickham bore the brunt of Christine's winds, with a maximum confirmed gust of 172 km/h (107 mph) recorded at Roebourne.[3] Both towns received significant damage and according to many local residents of Wickham, Christine was the worst cyclone in recent memory; several roofs were significantly damaged and many of the towns trees were uprooted and destroyed.[4] In Roebourne, roofs of many houses collapsed under the weight of water or were ripped off by wind gusts, while the whole town lost electricity for a short period.[4] Karratha and Port Hedland were spared any major damage, apart from minor flooding and wind-related damage. As Christine moved inland, flooding closed the Great Northern Highway north of Newman, however the town itself received 70 km/h (43 mph) wind gusts and only 25.0 mm (0.98 in) of rain.
As the remnant low of Christine moved south-eastwards and into South Australia, it combined with a thermal low whipping up gusty winds and causing extreme heat across central Australia. Moomba recorded a maximum of 49.3 °C (120.7 °F) on the 2 of January, almost beating its former record high set the year before.[5] 70 km/h (43 mph) winds combined with the heat caused catastrophic fire dangers across the southern inland and a complete fire ban was issued for South Australia.[5] As the extreme heat moved east, temperatures of 48.7 °C (119.7 °F)[6] were recorded in Birdsville, Queensland and 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) in Walgett, New South Wales.[7] Further south however, Christine's remnants caused light showers and a cooler change in the Adelaide area, while isolated thunderstorms caused 42.8 mm (1.69 in) of rain to fall in Eucla, more than triple the areas monthly average.[8] Victoria and southern New South Wales also recorded light rain and a cooler change from Christine's remnants, with Melbourne reporting 4.8 mm (0.19 in) and maximum temperatures in the low 20 °C's during the New Years period.[9]
See also
References
- ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Advice Number 15". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
- ↑ "Cyclone Christine: Port Hedland miners count the cost". Sydney Morning Herald. 1 January 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ "Roebourne, Western Australia January 2014 Daily Weather Observations". Daily Summaries. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 3 January 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Cyclone Christine tears through Western Australia's Pilbara, lifting roofs and felling trees". ABC News. 31 December 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Gusty change brings relief to SA's north after temperatures peaked at 49.3C". ABC News. 3 January 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ "Birdsville, Queensland January 2014 Daily Weather Observations". Daily Summaries. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 3 January 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ "Walgett, New South Wales January 2014 Daily Weather Observations". Daily Summaries. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 3 January 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ "Eucla, Western Australia January 2014 Daily Weather Observations". Daily Summaries. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 3 January 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
- ↑ "Melbourne, Victoria January 2014 Daily Weather Observations". Daily Summaries. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 6 January 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
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