Ctenochasmatoidea
| Ctenochasmatoids Temporal range: Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous, 166–105Ma | |
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| Fossil specimen of Ctenochasma elegans | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Order: | †Pterosauria |
| Clade: | †Lophocratia |
| Superfamily: | †Ctenochasmatoidea Nopsca, 1928 |
| Type species | |
| †Ctenochasma roemeri Meyer, 1852 | |
| Synonyms | |
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Pterodactyloidea Meyer, 1830 Pterodactylia Haeckel, 1895 | |
Ctenochasmatoidea is a group of pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. It was defined by Unwin (2003) as the clade containing Cycnorhamphus suevicus, Pterodaustro guinazui, their most recent common ancestor, and all its descendants.[1] The earliest known ctenochasmatoid remains have been found in the Stonesfield Slate formation (UK), which dates to the Bathonian stage of the Middle Jurassic, dated to about 166 million years ago.[2]
Classification
Cladogram after Unwin (2003).[1]
| Ctenochasmatoidea |
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Majority-rule consensus tree after Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012)[3]
| Pterodactylidae |
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Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012) use Fabien Knoll's (2000) definition of Pterodactylidae;[3] Knoll defined Pterodactylidae as a clade containing "Pterodactylus antiquus, Ctenochasma elegans, their most recent common ancestor and all [its] descendants".[4] The analysis conducted by Pereda-Suberbiola et al. (2012) indicated that Ctenochasmatoidea is nested within such defined Pterodactylidae;[3] other analyses, such as Unwin's (2003)[1] make such defined Pterodactylidae nested within Ctenochasmatoidea instead.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Unwin, D. M., (2003). "On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs." Pp. 139-190. in Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J.-M., (eds.) (2003). Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 217, London, 1-347.
- ↑ Buffetaut, E. and Jeffrey, P. (2012). "A ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Stonesfield Slate (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Oxfordshire, England." Geological Magazine, (advance online publication) doi:10.1017/S0016756811001154
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola, Fabien Knoll, José Ignacio Ruiz-Omeñaca, Julio Company and Fidel Torcida Fernández-Baldor (2012). "Reassessment of Prejanopterus curvirostris, a Basal Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Spain". Acta Geologica Sinica 86 (6): 1389–1401.
- ↑ Fabien Knoll (2000). "Pterosaurs from the Lower Cretaceous (?Berriasian) of Anoual, Morocco". Annales de Paléontologie 86 (3): 157–164. doi:10.1016/S0753-3969(00)80006-3.