Cox-Klemin XS

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The Cox-Klemin XS was a 1920s American experimental scout biplane, the first aircraft to be launched and recovered from a submarine.

Development

Based on a design by the US Bureau of Aeronautics for a simple single-seat scout seaplane that could be disassembled and assembled quickly. Instead of building the aircraft itself the Bureau of Aeronautics contracted the Cox-Klemin Aircraft Corporation to build six aircraft designated XS-1. The aircraft were powered by a 60 hp Lawrance L-4 radial engine. One aircraft was re-engined in 1923 with a Kinner engine and re-designated XS-2.

Operational history

As part of a series of studies conducted by the United States Navy after World War I into the possibility of submarine borne observation and scouting aircraft, the submarine S-1 became the experimental platform for this project late in 1923. The XS-1, XS-2 and the Martin MS-1 were used for the trials mounted in a cylindrical pod behind the conning tower. After surfacing the aircraft could be rolled out and assembled, it was then launched ballasting the sub until the deck was awash. The first full cycle of surfacing, assembly, launching, retrieving, disassembly, and submergence took place on 28 July 1926, on the Thames River at New London using the XS-2.

After further trials during 1926 all the experimental aircraft were scrapped.

Variants

XS-1: Lawrance L-4 powered scout biplane, six built
XS-2: One XS-1 modified with a Kinner B-5 engine.
Martin MS-1: Six XS-1 standard aircraft built by Martin.

Operators

United States: United States Navy

Specifications (XS-2)

Data from ^[1]

General characteristics

Crew: 1
Length: 18 ft 2 in (5.54 m)
Wingspan: 18 ft 0 in (5.49 m)
Height: 8 ft 0 in (2.44 m)
Gross weight: 1,050 lb (476 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Kinner B-5 5-cyl. air-cooled radial piston engine, 85 hp (63 kW)

Performance

Maximum speed: 115 mph (185 km/h; 100 kn)
Service ceiling: 11,300 ft (3,444 m)

References

↑ "Cox-Klemin XS-2". Retrieved 29 October 2013.

External links

Aeroweb

USN scout aircraft designations

Scout

Aeromarine	AS

Curtiss	CS S2C S3C S4C SC³

Dayton-Wright	SDW

Bellanca	SE

Edo Aircraft	SE² S2E

Grumman	SF

Great Lakes	SG

Loening	SL S2L

Martin	MS

Sikorsky	SS

Vought	SU

Cox-Klemin	XS

Scout Bomber

Brewster	SBA SB2A

Curtiss-Wright	SBC SB2C SB3C

Douglas	SBD SB2D

Grumman	SBF

Fairchild	SBF

Naval Aircraft Factory	SBN

Vought	SBU SB2U SB3U

Canadian Car and Foundry	SBW

Scout Observation

Curtiss	SOC SO2C SO3C

Bellanca	SOE

Edo Aircraft	SOE² SO2E

Fairchild	SOK

Naval Aircraft Factory	SON

Ryan	SOR

Vought	SOU¹ SO2U

Scout Trainer

Beechcraft	SNB

Curtiss-Wright	SNC

North American	SNJ SN2J

Vultee	SNV

¹ Not assigned • ² Assigned to a different manufacturer's type • ³ Sequence restarted

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