Cost efficiency

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Cost efficiency (or cost optimality), in the context of parallel computer algorithms, refers to a measure of how effectively parallel computing can be used to solve a particular problem. A parallel algorithm is considered cost efficient if its asymptotic running time multiplied by the number of processing units involved in the computation is comparable to the running time of the best sequential algorithm.

For example, an algorithm that can be solved in $O(n)$ time using the best known sequential algorithm and $O\left({\frac {n}{p}}\right)$ in a parallel computer with $O(p)$ processors will be considered cost efficient.

Cost efficiency also has applications to human services.

References

Advanced Computer Architectures: A Design Space Approach, D. Sima, T. Fountain and P. Kacsuk, Addison-Wesley, 1997.

v t e Parallel computing

General	Cloud computing High-performance computing Cluster computing Distributed computing Grid computing

Levels	Bit Instruction Data Task

Multithreading	Temporal multithreading Simultaneous multithreading Hyper-threading

Theory	Amdahl's law Gustafson's law Cost efficiency Karp–Flatt metric slowdown speedup

Elements	Process Thread Fiber PRAM Instruction window

Coordination	Multiprocessing Memory coherency Cache coherency Cache invalidation Barrier Synchronization Application checkpointing

Programming	Models Implicit parallelism Explicit parallelism Concurrency Flynn's taxonomy SISD SIMD MISD MIMD SPMD Thread Non-blocking algorithm

Hardware	Multiprocessor Symmetric Asymmetric Memory NUMA COMA distributed shared distributed shared MPP Superscalar Vector processor Supercomputer Beowulf cluster

APIs	Ateji PX POSIX Threads OpenMP OpenHMPP OpenACC PVM MPI UPC TBB Boost.Thread Global Arrays Charm++ Cilk/Cilk Plus Coarray Fortran OpenCL CUDA Dryad C++ AMP PLINQ TPL

Problems	Embarrassingly parallel Software lockout Scalability Race condition Deadlock Livelock Starvation Deterministic algorithm Parallel slowdown

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