Continuous signal

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A continuous signal or a continuous-time signal is a varying quantity (a signal) whose domain, which is often time, is a continuum (e.g., a connected interval of the reals). That is, the function's domain is an uncountable set. The function itself need not be continuous. To contrast, a discrete time signal has a countable domain, like the natural numbers.

A signal of continuous amplitude and time is known as a continuous time signal or an analog signal. This (a signal) will have some value at every instant of time. The electrical signals derived in proportion with the physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, sound etc. are generally continuous signals. The other examples of continuous signals are sine wave, cosine wave, triangular wave etc. Some of the continuous signals.

The signal is defined over a domain, which may or may not be finite, and there is a functional mapping from the domain to the value of the signal. The continuity of the time variable, in connection with the law of density of real numbers, means that the signal value can be found at any arbitrary point in time.

A typical example of an infinite duration signal is:

$f(t)=\sin(t),\quad t\in {\mathbb {R}}$

A finite duration counterpart of the above signal could be:

$f(t)=\sin(t),\quad t\in [-\pi ,\pi ]$ and $f(t)=0$ otherwise.

The value of a finite (or infinite) duration signal may or may not be finite. For example,

$f(t)={\frac {1}{t}},\quad t\in [0,1]$ and $f(t)=0$ otherwise,

is a finite duration signal but it takes an infinite value for $t=0\,$ .

In many disciplines, the convention is that a continuous signal must always have a finite value, which makes more sense in the case of physical signals.

For some purposes, infinite singularities are acceptable as long as the signal is integrable over any finite interval (for example, the $t^{{-1}}$ signal is not integrable, but $t^{{-2}}$ is).

Any analogue signal is continuous by nature. Discrete signals, used in digital signal processing, can be obtained by sampling and quantization of continuous signals.

Continuous signal may also be defined over an independent variable other than time. Another very common independent variable is space and is particularly useful in image processing, where two space dimensions are used.

v t e Time measurement and standards

Major subjects	Time Chronometry Orders of magnitude Metrology

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Horology	Clock Astrarium Atomic clock Complication Equation of time History of timekeeping devices Hourglass Marine chronometer Marine sandglass Radio clock Sundial Watch Water clock

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Continuous signal

See also