Indian Wells Masters

Indian Wells Masters
Founded	1974
Location	Indian Wells, California  United States
Venue	Indian Wells Tennis Garden
Surface	Hard / Outdoors
Official website
ATP World Tour
Category	Masters 1000
Draw	96S / 48Q / 32D
Prize Money	US$3,645,000
WTA Tour
Category	Premier Mandatory
Draw	96S / 48Q / 32D
Prize Money	US$4,500,000

Indian Wells Tennis Garden

The Indian Wells Masters, also known by its current sponsored name the BNP Paribas Open, is an annual tennis tournament held in Indian Wells, California, United States.

Current owner, Larry Ellison, CEO and co-founder of Oracle, purchased the tournament and the Indian Wells Tennis Garden in December, 2009.

The tournament is an Masters 1000 event on the men's tour and is a Premier Mandatory event on the women's tour. Between 1974 and 1990 it was a major tournament of the Grand Prix Tennis Tour and part of the Grand Prix Championship Series. The event, held in March, is one of two tour events (besides the Sony Ericsson Open in Key Biscayne, Florida) in which main draw play extends beyond eight days. The women's main draw usually starts on Wednesday and the men's main draw starts on Thursday. Both finals are held on Sunday of the following week. Both singles main draws include 96 players in a 128-player grid, with the 32 seeded players getting a bye to the second round.

The tournament is played on hard courts and is the best attended tennis tournament outside the four Grand Slam tournaments, with over 370,000 visitors during the event.^[1] It has the second largest permanent tennis stadium in the world.

Location

Indian Wells lies in the Coachella Valley (Palm Springs area), about 125 miles east of downtown Los Angeles.^[2]

The tournament is played in the Indian Wells Tennis Garden (built in 2000) which has 20 tennis courts, including the 16,100-seat main stadium, which is the second largest purpose-built tennis stadium in the world.^[3] After the 2013 BNP Paribas Open the Indian Wells Tennis Garden started an expansion and upgrade of its facilities that includes a new 8,000 seat Stadium II.^[4]

History

The tournament was founded by Charlie Pasarell and Raymond Moore. The men's tournament was previously called the American Airlines Tennis Games (1974–1978), the Congoleum Classic (1979–1980, 1982–1984), the Grand Marnier/ATP Tennis Games (1981), the Pilot Pen Classic (1985–1987), the Newsweek Champions Cup (1988–1999), the Tennis Masters Series Indian Wells (2000–2001),^[5] and the Pacific Life Open (2002–2008).

The women's tournament was previously called the Virginia Slims of Indian Wells (1989–1990); the Virginia Slims of Palm Springs (1991); the Matrix Essentials Evert Cup (1992–1993); the Evert Cup (1994, 1999), or the State Farm Evert Cup (1995–1998) in honor of Chris Evert; the Tennis Masters Series (2000–2001); and, the Pacific Life Open (2002–2008).

Originally the women's tournament was held a week before the men's event. In 1996, the championship became one of the few fully combined events on both the Association of Tennis Professionals and Women's Tennis Association tours.

The BNP Paribas Open has become one of the largest events on both men's and women's tour, with 96 top professional players entering in the main draws. Dubbed "Grand Slam of the West",^[6][7] it is the most-attended tennis tournament in the world outside of the four Majors.

In 2009, the tournament and the Indian Wells Tennis Garden were sold to Larry Ellison.^[8][9]

Williams sisters controversy

Venus and Serena Williams, two very highly ranked American women, have refused to play the Indian Wells tournament since 2001 despite threats of financial sanctions and rating point penalties. The two were scheduled to play in the 2001 semi-final but Venus withdrew to injury. Amid speculations of match fixing, the crowd for the final loudly booed Serena Williams when she came out to play the final and continued to boo her intermittently through the entire match, even to the point of cheering unforced errors and double faults.^[10] Williams won the tournament and was subsequently booed during the awards ceremony. The following month at the Ericson Open, Richard Williams, Serena and Venus's father, claimed racial slurs were directed at him during while in the stands.^[11] Neither Venus nor Serena has played the tournament since, including a period when the two were the top players in the world, but Serena is on the entry list for the 2014 edition of the tournament.^[12]

Past finals

Men

Records

• Most singles titles: 4,
  • Roger Federer (2004, 2005, 2006, 2012)
• Most consecutive singles titles: 3,
  • Roger Federer (2004–2006)
• Most singles finals: 4,
  • Yannick Noah (1982, 1984, 1986, 1989)
  • Roger Federer (2004, 2005, 2006, 2012)
  • Rafael Nadal (2007, 2009, 2011, 2013)
• Most consecutive singles finals: 3,
  • Roger Federer (2004–2006)

Singles

Location	Year	Champion	Runner-up	Score	Name
Tucson	1974	John Newcombe	Arthur Ashe	6–3, 7–6	American Airlines Tennis Games
	1975	John Alexander	Ilie Năstase	7–5, 6–2
Palm Springs	1976	Jimmy Connors	Roscoe Tanner	6–4, 6–4
	1977	Brian Gottfried	Guillermo Vilas	2–6, 6–1, 6–3
	1978	Roscoe Tanner	Raúl Ramírez	6–1, 7–6
Rancho Mirage	1979	Roscoe Tanner	Brian Gottfried	6–4, 6–2	Congoleum Classic
	1980	Final not held (rain) Semifinalists: Jimmy Connors, Brian Teacher, Peter Fleming, Gene Mayer
La Quinta	1981	Jimmy Connors	Ivan Lendl	6–3, 7–6	Grand Marnier Tennis Games
	1982	Yannick Noah	Ivan Lendl	6–4, 2–6, 7–5	Congoleum Classic (II)
	1983	José Higueras	Eliot Teltscher	6–4, 6–2
	1984	Jimmy Connors	Yannick Noah	6–2, 6–7(7–9), 6–3
	1985	Larry Stefanki	David Pate	6–1, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3	Pilot Pen Classic
	1986	Joakim Nyström	Yannick Noah	6–1, 6–3, 6–2
Indian Wells	1987	Boris Becker	Stefan Edberg	6–4, 6–4, 7–5
	1988	Boris Becker	Emilio Sánchez	7–5, 6–4, 2–6, 6–4	Newsweek Champions Cup
	1989	Miloslav Mečíř	Yannick Noah	3–6, 2–6, 6–1, 6–2, 6–3
	1990	Stefan Edberg	Andre Agassi	6–4, 5–7, 7–6(7–1), 7–6(8–6)
	1991	Jim Courier	Guy Forget	4–6, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–4)
	1992	Michael Chang	Andrei Chesnokov	6–3, 6–4, 7–5
	1993	Jim Courier	Wayne Ferreira	6–3, 6–3, 6–1
	1994	Pete Sampras	Petr Korda	4–6, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 6–2
	1995	Pete Sampras	Andre Agassi	7–5, 6–3, 7–5
	1996	Michael Chang	Paul Haarhuis	7–5, 6–1, 6–1
	1997	Michael Chang	Bohdan Ulihrach	4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3
	1998	Marcelo Ríos	Greg Rusedski	6–3, 6–7(15–17), 7–6(7–4), 6–4
	1999	Mark Philippoussis	Carlos Moyà	5–7, 6–4, 6–4, 4–6, 6–2
	2000	Àlex Corretja	Thomas Enqvist	6–4, 6–4, 6–3	TMS Indian Wells
	2001	Andre Agassi	Pete Sampras	7–6(7–5), 7–5, 6–1
	2002	Lleyton Hewitt	Tim Henman	6–1, 6–2	Pacific Life Open
	2003	Lleyton Hewitt	Gustavo Kuerten	6–1, 6–1
	2004	Roger Federer	Tim Henman	6–3, 6–3
	2005	Roger Federer	Lleyton Hewitt	6–2, 6–4, 6–4
	2006	Roger Federer	James Blake	7–5, 6–3, 6–0
	2007	Rafael Nadal	Novak Djokovic	6–2, 7–5
	2008	Novak Djokovic	Mardy Fish	6–2, 5–7, 6–3
	2009	Rafael Nadal	Andy Murray	6–1, 6–2	BNP Paribas Open
	2010	Ivan Ljubičić	Andy Roddick	7–6(7–3), 7–6(7–5)
	2011	Novak Djokovic	Rafael Nadal	4–6, 6–3, 6–2
	2012	Roger Federer	John Isner	7–6(9–7), 6–3
	2013	Rafael Nadal	Juan Martín del Potro	4–6, 6–3, 6–4

Doubles

Location	Year	Champion	Runner-up	Score	Name
Tucson	1974	Charlie Pasarell Sherwood Stewart	Tom Edlefsen Manuel Orantes	6–4, 6–4	American Airlines Tennis Games
	1975	William Brown Raúl Ramírez	Raymond Moore Dennis Ralston	2–6, 7–6, 6–4
Palm Springs	1976	Colin Dibley Sandy Mayer	Raymond Moore Erik Van Dillen	6–3, 7–5
	1977	Bob Hewitt Frew McMillan	Marty Riessen Roscoe Tanner	7–6, 7–6
	1978	Raymond Moore Roscoe Tanner	Bob Hewitt Frew McMillan	6–4, 6–4
Rancho Mirage	1979	Gene Mayer Sandy Mayer	Cliff Drysdale Bruce Manson	6–4, 7–6	Congoleum Classic
	1980	Final not held due to rain
La Quinta	1981	Bruce Manson Brian Teacher	Terry Moor Eliot Teltscher	7–6, 6–2	Grand Marnier Tennis Games
	1982	Brian Gottfried Raúl Ramírez	John Lloyd Dick Stockton	6–4, 3–6, 6–2	Congoleum Classic (II)
	1983	Brian Gottfried Raúl Ramírez	Tian Viljoen Danie Visser	6–3, 6–3
	1984	Bernard Mitton Butch Walts	Scott Davis Ferdi Taygan	4–6, 6–4, 7–6
	1985	Heinz Günthardt Balázs Taróczy	Ken Flach Robert Seguso	7–6, 7–5	Pilot Pen Classic
	1986	Peter Fleming Guy Forget	Yannick Noah Sherwood Stewart	7–6, 6–2
Indian Wells	1987	Guy Forget Yannick Noah	Boris Becker Eric Jelen	5–7, 7–6, 7–5
	1988	Boris Becker Guy Forget	Jorge Lozano Todd Witsken	6–3, 6–3	Newsweek Champions Cup
	1989	Boris Becker Jakob Hlasek	Kevin Curren David Pate	3–6, 6–3, 6–4
	1990	Boris Becker Guy Forget	Jim Grabb Patrick McEnroe	6–4, 6–3
	1991	Jim Courier Javier Sánchez	Guy Forget Henri Leconte	7–6, 6–1
	1992	Steve DeVries David Macpherson	Kent Kinnear Sven Salumaa	6–3, 2–6, 6–4
	1993	Guy Forget Henri Leconte	Luke Jensen Scott Melville	4–6, 6–2, 7–6
	1994	Grant Connell Patrick Galbraith	Byron Black Jonathan Stark	3–6, 6–1, 7–6
	1995	Tommy Ho Brett Steven	Gary Muller Piet Norval	7–6, 6–7, 6–4
	1996	Todd Woodbridge Mark Woodforde	Brian MacPhie Michael Tebbutt	6–3, 6–4
	1997	Mark Knowles Daniel Nestor	Mark Philippoussis Patrick Rafter	7–5, 6–4
	1998	Jonas Björkman Patrick Rafter	Todd Martin Richey Reneberg	6–0, 6–3
	1999	Wayne Black Sandon Stolle	Ellis Ferreira Rick Leach	6–3, 6–4
	2000	Alex O'Brien Jared Palmer	Paul Haarhuis Sandon Stolle	6–4, 7–6(7–5)	TMS Indian Wells
	2001	Wayne Ferreira Yevgeny Kafelnikov	Jonas Björkman Todd Woodbridge	6–2, 7–5
	2002	Mark Knowles Daniel Nestor	Roger Federer Max Mirnyi	6–4, 6–4	Pacific Life Open
	2003	Wayne Ferreira Yevgeny Kafelnikov	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	3–6, 7–5, 6–4
	2004	Arnaud Clément Sébastien Grosjean	Wayne Black Kevin Ullyett	6–3, 4–6, 7–5
	2005	Mark Knowles Daniel Nestor	Wayne Arthurs Paul Hanley	7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–2)
	2006	Mark Knowles Daniel Nestor	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	6–4, 6–4
	2007	Martin Damm Leander Paes	Jonathan Erlich Andy Ram	6–4, 6–4
	2008	Jonathan Erlich Andy Ram	Daniel Nestor Nenad Zimonjić	6–4, 6–4
	2009	Mardy Fish Andy Roddick	Max Mirnyi Andy Ram	3–6, 6–1, 14–12	BNP Paribas Open
	2010	Marc López Rafael Nadal	Daniel Nestor Nenad Zimonjić	7–6(10–8), 6–3
	2011	Alexandr Dolgopolov Xavier Malisse	Roger Federer Stanislas Wawrinka	6–4, 6–7(5–7), [10–7]
	2012	Marc López Rafael Nadal	John Isner Sam Querrey	6–2, 7–6(7–3)
	2013	Bob Bryan Mike Bryan	Treat Conrad Huey Jerzy Janowicz	6–3, 3–6, [10–6]

Women

Records

• Most singles titles: 2,
  • Martina Navratilova
  • Mary Joe Fernandez
  • Steffi Graf
  • Lindsay Davenport
  • Serena Williams
  • Kim Clijsters
  • Daniela Hantuchova
  • Maria Sharapova
• Most consecutive singles titles: 2,
  • Martina Navratilova
• Most singles finals: 6,
  • Lindsay Davenport

Singles

Location	Year	Champion	Runner-up	Score	Name
Indian Wells	1989	Manuela Maleeva	Jenny Byrne	6–4, 6–1	Virginia Slims of Indian Wells
	1990	Martina Navratilova	Helena Suková	6–2, 5–7, 6–1
	1991	Martina Navratilova	Monica Seles	6–2, 7–6(8–6)	Virginia Slims of Palm Springs
	1992	Monica Seles	Conchita Martínez	6–3, 6–1	Matrix Essentials Evert Cup
	1993	Mary Joe Fernández	Amanda Coetzer	3–6, 6–1, 7–6(8–6)
	1994	Steffi Graf	Amanda Coetzer	6–0, 6–4	Evert Cup
	1995	Mary Joe Fernández	Natasha Zvereva	6–4, 6–3	State Farm Evert Cup
	↓  Tier I tournament   ↓
	1996	Steffi Graf	Conchita Martínez	7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–5)
	1997	Lindsay Davenport	Irina Spîrlea	6–2, 6–1
	1998	Martina Hingis	Lindsay Davenport	6–3, 6–4
	1999	Serena Williams	Steffi Graf	6–3, 3–6, 7–5	Evert Cup (II)
	2000	Lindsay Davenport	Martina Hingis	4–6, 6–4, 6–0	TMS Indian Wells
	2001	Serena Williams	Kim Clijsters	4–6, 6–4, 6–2
	2002	Daniela Hantuchová	Martina Hingis	6–3, 6–4	Pacific Life Open
	2003	Kim Clijsters	Lindsay Davenport	6–4, 7–5
	2004	Justine Henin	Lindsay Davenport	6–1, 6–4
	2005	Kim Clijsters	Lindsay Davenport	6–4, 4–6, 6–2
	2006	Maria Sharapova	Elena Dementieva	6–1, 6–2
	2007	Daniela Hantuchová	Svetlana Kuznetsova	6–3, 6–4
	2008	Ana Ivanovic	Svetlana Kuznetsova	6–4, 6–3
	↓  Premier Mandatory tournament   ↓
	2009	Vera Zvonareva	Ana Ivanovic	7–6(7–5), 6–2	BNP Paribas Open
	2010	Jelena Janković	Caroline Wozniacki	6–2, 6–4
	2011	Caroline Wozniacki	Marion Bartoli	6–1, 2–6, 6–3
	2012	Victoria Azarenka	Maria Sharapova	6–2, 6–3
	2013	Maria Sharapova	Caroline Wozniacki	6–2, 6–2

Doubles

Location	Year	Champion	Runner-up	Score	Name
Indian Wells	1989	Hana Mandlíková Pam Shriver	Rosalyn Fairbank Gretchen Rush-Magers	6–3, 6–7(4–7), 6–3	Virginia Slims of Indian Wells
	1990	Jana Novotná Helena Suková	Gigi Fernández Martina Navratilova	6–2, 7–6(8–6)
	1991	Final not held due to rain			Virginia Slims of Palm Springs
	1992	Claudia Kohde-Kilsch Stephanie Rehe	Jill Hetherington Kathy Rinaldi	6–3, 6–3	Matrix Essentials Evert Cup
	1993	Rennae Stubbs Helena Suková	Ann Grossman Patricia Hy	6–3, 6–4
	1994	Lindsay Davenport Lisa Raymond	Manon Bollegraf Helena Suková	6–2, 6–4	Evert Cup
	1995	Lindsay Davenport Lisa Raymond	Larisa Savchenko Neiland Arantxa Sánchez	2–6, 6–4, 6–3	State Farm Evert Cup
	↓  Tier I tournament  ↓
	1996	Chanda Rubin Brenda Schultz-McCarthy	Julie Halard Nathalie Tauziat	6–1, 6–4
	1997	Lindsay Davenport Natasha Zvereva	Lisa Raymond Nathalie Tauziat	7–5, 6–2
	1998	Lindsay Davenport Natasha Zvereva	Alexandra Fusai Nathalie Tauziat	6–4, 2–6, 6–4
	1999	Martina Hingis Anna Kournikova	Mary Joe Fernández Jana Novotná	6–2, 6–2	Evert Cup (II)
	2000	Lindsay Davenport Corina Morariu	Anna Kournikova Natasha Zvereva	6–2, 6–3	TMS Indian Wells
	2001	Nicole Arendt Ai Sugiyama	Virginia Ruano Paola Suárez	6–4, 6–4
	2002	Lisa Raymond Rennae Stubbs	Elena Dementieva Janette Husárová	7–5, 6–0	Pacific Life Open
	2003	Lindsay Davenport Lisa Raymond	Kim Clijsters Ai Sugiyama	3–6, 6–4, 6–1
	2004	Virginia Ruano Paola Suárez	Svetlana Kuznetsova Elena Likhovtseva	6–1, 6–2
	2005	Virginia Ruano Paola Suárez	Nadia Petrova Meghann Shaughnessy	7–6(7–3), 6–1
	2006	Lisa Raymond Samantha Stosur	Virginia Ruano Meghann Shaughnessy	6–2, 7–5
	2007	Lisa Raymond Samantha Stosur	Yung-Jan Chan Chia-Jung Chuang	6–3, 7–5
	2008	Dinara Safina Elena Vesnina	Yan Zi Zheng Jie	6–1, 1–6, [10–8]
	↓  Premier Mandatory tournament  ↓
	2009	Victoria Azarenka Vera Zvonareva	Gisela Dulko Shahar Pe'er	6–4, 3–6, [10–5]	BNP Paribas Open
	2010	Květa Peschke Katarina Srebotnik	Nadia Petrova Samantha Stosur	6–4, 2–6, [10–5]
	2011	Sania Mirza Elena Vesnina	Bethanie Mattek-Sands Meghann Shaughnessy	6–0, 7–5
	2012	Liezel Huber Lisa Raymond	Sania Mirza Elena Vesnina	6–2, 6–3
	2013	Ekaterina Makarova Elena Vesnina	Nadia Petrova Katarina Srebotnik	6–0, 5–7, [10–6]

References

External links

• Official tournament website
• Indian Wells Tennis Garden
• Official Tourism Agency of the greater Palm Springs area: Information on hotels, restaurants and more

Awards and achievements
Preceded by San Diego Miami	Favorite WTA Tier I – II Tournament 1997 2005, 2006	Succeeded by Toronto Stuttgart
Preceded by Stuttgart (Tier I – II)	Favorite WTA Premier Tournament 2009	Succeeded by Stuttgart

Coordinates: 33°43′26″N 116°18′21″W / 33.72389°N 116.30583°W / 33.72389; -116.30583

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