Clanculus

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Clanculus
A shell of Clanculus ormophorus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
(unranked): clade Vetigastropoda
Superfamily: Trochoidea
Family: Trochidae
Genus: Clanculus
Montfort, 1810[1]
Type species
Trochus pharaonius Linnaeus, 1758
Species

See text

Synonyms[2]
  • Clanculus (Clanculopsis) Monterosato, 1888
  • Clangulus Blainville, 1817
  • Euclanculus Cotton & Godfrey, 1934
  • Euriclanculus Cotton & Godfrey, 1934
  • Fragella Swainson, 1840
  • Isoclanculus Cotton & Godfrey, 1934
  • Macroclanculus Cotton & Godfrey, 1934
  • Mesoclanculus Iredale, 1924
  • Microclanculus Cotton & Godfrey, 1934
  • Otavia Risso, 1826
  • Trochus (Clanculus) Montfort, 1810

Clanculus is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.[2]

Distribution

Clanculus is an old genus. Fossils found in Italy date from the Pliocene (C. corallinus, C. elevatus, C. bonfittoi, C. jussieui)[3] The distribution of this genus is worldwide, individuals of some species sometimes occur in great numbers, from the intertidal zone up to depths of 200 m. Many species can be found in Australia, New Zealand, the Indo-Pacific, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Seychelles, Japan, South Africa, Zanzibar, Indian Ocean, the Red Sea, West Africa, Angola, North Africa and Europe.[4]

Shell description

These top shells are wide-conical and low spired. Their spirally ribbed sculpture consists of conspicuous regular rows of robust, round beads. The whorls show a profile with a deep suture and the final whorl inflated. The aperture of the shell is oval, with a strongly ridged lip. The umbilicus is generally deep. The color of the shell varies between orange, dark red, and chocolate brown.

Species

The type species, Clanculus pharaonius, was described by Linnaeus in 1758 as Trochus pharaonius.

Species brought into synonymy 
  • Clanculus alfredensis Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus assabensis Caramagna, 1888 : synonym of Clanculus tonnerrei (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874)
  • Clanculus becki Turton, 1932: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus carinatus A. Adams, 1853: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus danieli Crosse, 1862 : synonym of Eurytrochus danieli (Crosse, 1862)
  • Clanculus elevatus Turton, 1932: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus eucosmia Turton, 1932: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus gennesi Fischer, 1901  : synonym of Clanculus tonnerrei (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874)
  • Clanculus gibbonsi Sowerby  : synonym of Clanculus tonnerrei (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874)
  • Clanculus granosus J. Brazier, 1877  : synonym of Clanculus bronni Dunker, 1860
  • Clanculus kowiensis Turton, 1932: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus kraussi Philippi in Martini & Chemnitz, 1849 : synonym of Clanculus atricatena Tomlin, 1921
  • Clanculus laceyi G. B. Sowerby, 1889: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus miniatus auctt.: synonym of Clanculus puniceus (Philippi, 1846)
  • Clanculus miniatus auct.: synonym of Clanculus waltonae Sowerby III, 1892
  • Clanculus nodulosus A. Adams, 1855: synonym of Trochus ferreirai Bozzetti, 1996
  • Clanculus puniceus (Linnaeus, 1758) : synonym of Clanculus atricatena Tomlin, 1921
  • Clanculus septenarius (Melvill & Standen, 1899): synonym of Pulchrastele septenaria (Melvill & Standen, 1899)
  • Clanculus trochiformis Turton, 1932: synonym of Clanculus miniatus (Anton, 1838)
  • Clanculus unedo (A. Adams): synonym of Clanculus bronni Dunker, 1860

References

  1. ↑ Montfort P. D. de (1810). Conch. Syst. 2: 190.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138587 on 2011-04-07
  3. ↑ SPADINI Valeriano ; (2006). "Il genere Clanculus monfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Trochidae) nel Pliocene senese (Toscana, Italia)". Atti della Società italiana di scienze naturali e del museo civico di storia naturale di Milano 147 (2): 211–237. 
  4. ↑ Jansen, P. (1995). A review of the genus Clanculus Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Trochidae) in Australia, with description of a new subspecies and the introduction of a nomen novum. . Vita Marina. 43 (1-2): 39-62
  • NZ Mollusca
  • Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
  • Checklist
  • Blainville, H.M.D., 1817. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles dans lequel on traite méthodiquement des différens êtres de la nature.
  • Pilsbry, H.A., 1889. Manual of Conchology vol. XI Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, Philadelphia. 1-519, pls 1-67
  • Satyamurti, S.T., 1952. Mollusca of Krusadai Is. I. Amphineura and Gastropoda. Bull. Madras Govt. Mus.; Nat. Hist.n.s., 1(2)(6):1-267.
  • Ludbrook, N. H., 1956. The molluscan fauna of the Pliocene strata underlying the Adelaide Plains. Part 3. Scaphopoda, Polyplacophora, Gastropoda (Haliotidae to Tornidae). Trans. R. Soc. SA, 79:1-36
  • Cotton, B.C., 1959. South Australian Mollusca. Archaeogastropoda . South Australian Government Printer, Adelaide. 1-449.
  • Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F., 1962 [31/Dec/1962]. A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Mem. Aust. Mus., 11:0-0
  • Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J., 1962. Marine Mollusca of Victoria. Melbourne Univ. Press, Melbourne. 475.
  • Ladd, H.S., 1966 [31/Dec/1966]. Chitons and gastropods (Haliotidae through Adeorbidae) from the western Pacific Islands. United States Geological Survey, Professional Pape, 531:0-0
  • Rajagopal, A.S. & Mookherjee, H.P., 1978. Contributions to the molluscan fauna of India. Pt. I. Marine molluscs of the Coromandel Coast, Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar - Gastropoda: Archaeogastropoda. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 12:1-48
  • Herbert G.G. (1993). Revision of the Trochinae, tribe Trochini (Gastropoda: Trochidae) of southern Africa. Annals of the natal Museum 34(2):239-308
  • Wilson, B., 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Odyssey Publishing, Kallaroo, WA
  • Jansen, P., 1995 [July 1995]. A review of the genus Clanculus Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Trochidae) in Australia, with description of a new subspecies and the introduction of a nomen novum. Vita Marina, 43(1-2):39-62.
  • Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213

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