Claire M. Fraser

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Claire M. Fraser, PhD, (born 1955) is a world-renowned American microbiologist who launched a new field of study - microbial genomics and, through her ground-breaking research and pioneering leadership in this field, has fundamentally changed our understanding of the diversity and evolution of microbial life on Earth.

In 2007, Dr. Fraser was recruited to the University of Maryland School of Medicine as the Director of the newly formed Institute for Genome Sciences. Previously, from 1998 – 2007, she was President and Director of The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) in Rockville, MD and led the teams that sequenced the genomics of many important bacterial and parasitic pathogens and the first model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Dr. Fraser’s seminal work on the 2001 Amerithrax investigation led to the identification of four genetic mutations in the anthrax spores that enabled the FBI to trace the material back to its original source. This pioneering effort catalyzed the development of the new field of microbial forensics. Her current research is an integral part of the Human Microbiome Project and is focused on how the structure and function of microbial communities in the human gastrointestinal tract change in association with diseases such as obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, and how these communities respond to interventions including oral vaccination and probiotics administration.

She has authored more than 300 publications, edited three books, and served on the editorial boards of nine scientific journals. Her numerous awards and honors include the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award (2002), the highest honor bestowed on research scientists by the Department of Energy; AAAS Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science (2005); the Promega Biotechnology Award, the American Society of Microbiology (2005); Fellowship, American Academy of Microbiology (2005); Mostly highly cited investigator in microbiology for previous ten years, Thomson Scientific ICI; Charles Thom Award, Society for Industrial Microbiology (2006); Pioneer of Science Award, Hauptmann Woodward Institute (2008); Maryland Women’s Hall of Fame (2010); Rensselaer Alumni Hall of Fame (2011); and election into the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (2011).

She has served on many advisory panels for all of the major Federal funding agencies, the National Research Council, the Department of Defense, and the intelligence community. She graduated from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute with a B.S. in Biology and earned her Ph.D. in Pharmacology from the State University of New York at Buffalo.

Education

Fraser received her B.S. degree in Biology from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1977 and her Ph.D. degree in Pharmacology at the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1981. She was inducted into Rensselaer's Alumni Hall of Fame in 2011.

Personal life

Fraser was previously married to Craig Venter. She married Jack Kammer in 2013.

Footnotes

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Claire M. Fraser.

Maryland Women's Hall of Fame

1980–1989

1985	Brent, MargaretMargaret Brent Carson, RachelRachel Carson Davidson, Rita C.Rita C. Davidson Spellman, Gladys NoonGladys Noon Spellman Tubman, Harriet RossHarriet Ross Tubman

1986	Jackson, Lillie CarollLillie Caroll Jackson Seton, Elizabeth AnnElizabeth Ann Seton Szold, HenriettaHenrietta Szold Wolman, Jeanette RosnerJeanette Rosner Wolman Zassenhaus, Hiltgunt MargaretHiltgunt Margaret Zassenhaus

1987	Barton, ClaraClara Barton Harper, Frances Ellen WatkinsFrances Ellen Watkins Harper Mitchell, Juanita JacksonJuanita Jackson Mitchell Shorb, Mary ShawMary Shaw Shorb Taussig, Helen BrookeHelen Brooke Taussig

1988	Mikulski, Barbara A.Barbara A. Mikulski Miller, Sadie KnellerSadie Kneller Miller Risteau, Mary ElizaMary Eliza Risteau Thomas, Martha CareyMartha Carey Thomas Welcome, Verda FreemanVerda Freeman Welcome

1989	Adkins, Bertha SheppardBertha Sheppard Adkins Clark, EugenieEugenie Clark Engle, Lavinia MargaretLavinia Margaret Engle Lee, Lena KingLena King Lee Ramey, Estelle R.Estelle R. Ramey

1990–1999

1990	Maurer, LucilleLucille Maurer McMillan, Enolia PettigenEnolia Pettigen McMillan Murray, PauliPauli Murray Stamp, Adele HagnerAdele Hagner Stamp Titcomb, Mary LemistMary Lemist Titcomb

1991	Colwell, RitaRita Colwell Lange, Mary ElizabethMary Elizabeth Lange McCardell, ClaireClaire McCardell Moses, BessieBessie Moses Schrock, AltaAlta Schrock

1992	Armstrong, AnnieAnnie Armstrong Carroll, Anna EllaAnna Ella Carroll Kushner, RoseRose Kushner Schweinhaut, Margaret CollinsMargaret Collins Schweinhaut Votaw, Carmen DelgadoCarmen Delgado Votaw

1993	Bell, Rosalyn BlakeRosalyn Blake Bell Clifton, LucilleLucille Clifton Ellicott, Elizabeth KingElizabeth King Ellicott Spencer, JeanJean Spencer Tyson, Martha EllicottMartha Ellicott Tyson

1994	Abrams, Rosalie SilberRosalie Silber Abrams Banning, Mary ElizabethMary Elizabeth Banning Brown, Harriet ElizabethHarriet Elizabeth Brown Morella, Constance A.Constance A. Morella Nutting, Mary AdelaideMary Adelaide Nutting

1995	Greenberg, Jill MossJill Moss Greenberg Nock, Mary L.Mary L. Nock Norris, Amanda TaylorAmanda Taylor Norris TaylorNettie Barcroft Taylor Willson, Euphemia Mary GoldsboroughEuphemia Mary Goldsborough Willson

1996	Ellicott, Madeleine L.Madeleine L. Ellicott Ennis, Ethel LlewellynEthel Llewellyn Ennis Lee, Mary DiggesMary Digges Lee Leventhal, Brigid GBrigid G Leventhal Robinson, Barbara A.Barbara A. Robinson

1997	Adams, Diane L.Diane L. Adams Eaton, Sol del Ande MendezSol del Ande Mendez Eaton Gira, Catherine R.Catherine R. Gira Koss, Helen L.Helen L. Koss Ponselle, RosaRosa Ponselle

1998	Beims, Constance RossConstance Ross Beims Goddard, Mary KatherineMary Katherine Goddard Hedges, Elaine RyanElaine Ryan Hedges Smith, Mary CarterMary Carter Smith

1999	Bahr, Florence RiefleFlorence Riefle Bahr Compton, Lillian C.Lillian C. Compton Hooker, Edith HoughtonEdith Houghton Hooker Johnson, Elizabeth FranElizabeth Fran Johnson White, Bernice SmithBernice Smith White

2000–2009

2000	Battle, Constance UrioloConstance Uriolo Battle Carr, Lois GreenLois Green Carr Fuentes, Sonia PressmanSonia Pressman Fuentes Jacobsen, JosephineJosephine Jacobsen Stith, RosettaRosetta Stith

2001	Feeley, KathleenKathleen Feeley Khan, MisbahMisbah Khan Krohe, CharmaineCharmaine Krohe Shriver, Eunice KennedyEunice Kennedy Shriver Tomlinson, Sandra W.Sandra W. Tomlinson

2002	Hubbard, Mabel HouzeMabel Houze Hubbard Kendall, Florence PFlorence P Kendall. Pickersgill, Mary YoungMary Young Pickersgill Sheehan, LorraineLorraine Sheehan

2003	Beauchamp, Virginia WalcottVirginia Walcott Beauchamp Clarke, EdithEdith Clarke DuFour, Kathryn J.Kathryn J. DuFour Kirschstein, Ruth L.Ruth L. Kirschstein Maddox, Etta H.Etta H. Maddox Yow, DebbieDebbie Yow

2004	Edmonson, EmilyEmily Edmonson Grasmick, Nancy T.Nancy T. Grasmick McCready, EstherEsther McCready Rawson, Margaret ByrdMargaret Byrd Rawson Simpson, Vivian V.Vivian V. Simpson

2005	Cardin, Shoshanna ShoubinShoshanna Shoubin Cardin Cole, Bessie OliveBessie Olive Cole Panny, Susan R.Susan R. Panny Schoenrich, Edyth H.Edyth H. Schoenrich

2006	Baker, Susan P.Susan P. Baker Diamond, Liebe SokolLiebe Sokol Diamond Gaddy, BeaBea Gaddy Gaston, Marilyn HughesMarilyn Hughes Gaston Hoffberger, Rebecca AlbanRebecca Alban Hoffberger Snively, GraceGrace Snively

2007	Deener, Annette M.Annette M. Deener Grant, Sally T.Sally T. Grant Nair, PrasannaPrasanna Nair Rothenberg, Karen H.Karen H. Rothenberg Scott, Audrey E.Audrey E. Scott

2008	Hawkins, Ramona McCarthyRamona McCarthy Hawkins Heller, Ellen MosesEllen Moses Heller Holiday, BillieBillie Holiday Menes, PaulinePauline Menes Orenstein, Toby BarbaraToby Barbara Orenstein Walker, Emily WilsonEmily Wilson Walker

2009	Fehrer, IliaIlia Fehrer Griffin, Diane E.Diane E. Griffin Legum, HarrietHarriet Legum Solomon, Allyson R.Allyson R. Solomon Wright, Anne St. ClairAnne St. Clair Wright

2010–2019

2010	Fraser, Claire M.Claire M. Fraser Green, Anne Catharine HoofAnne Catharine Hoof Green Kirkaldy, Irene MorganIrene Morgan Kirkaldy Phelps, Almira Hart LincolnAlmira Hart Lincoln Phelps Sandler, Bernice R.Bernice R. Sandler Shockney, Lillie D.Lillie D. Shockney

2011	Greider, Carol W.Carol W. Greider Holdridge, BarbaraBarbara Holdridge Peralta, LigiaLigia Peralta Poe, Gertrude L.Gertrude L. Poe Slowe, Lucy DiggsLucy Diggs Slowe Willenz, June A.June A. Willenz

2012	Black, MaureenMaureen Black Dunkle, MargaretMargaret Dunkle Kopp, Nancy K.Nancy K. Kopp Manicur, AliceAlice Manicur Motz, Diana GribbonDiana Gribbon Motz Rooks, GwendolynGwendolyn Rooks

2013	Bentley, Helen DelichHelen Delich Bentley Cryor, Jean B.Jean B. Cryor Dukes, Charlene MickensCharlene Mickens Dukes Sauerbrey, Ellen R.Ellen R. Sauerbrey Shevitz, Linda A.Linda A. Shevitz Tignor, Beatrice P.Beatrice P. Tignor

Persondata
Name	Fraser, Claire M.
Alternative names
Short description	Microbiologist
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

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