ChuvashTet

ChuvashTet (short for "Chuvash Internet"), (Chuvash: Чăва́ш Интерне́чĕ, Чăваште́т, Чăваш Тете́лĕ) is the name Chuvash-speaking Internet users commonly use for the segment of the Web about the Chuvash people or Chuvashia. It includes webpages and websites in many languages.

Related to the Chuvash Internet (i.e., Chuvash-speaking) Internet resources can be located in any domain (or do not have a domain), and corresponding servers are physically located anywhere in the world. By the Chuvash Internet usually refers not only to the World Wide Web sites, but the Internet and other services that are used for communication in the Chuvash language (messengers, IRC, email), storage and multimedia products on the Chuvash language (file-sharing networks, Internet radio, Internet television).

Chuvash Internet users employ Latin and Cyrillic scripts.

History

The logical beginning of the development of data networks in the Chuvash language can be considered as the spread on the territory of Russia and Chuvash mail, journalism, and then the telegraph, telephone, radio, television, etc.

Name

Freedom of Internet users access to information resources is not confined by national borders and / or national domains, but also linguistic boundaries are preserved. The predominant language of the Internet is English.^[1] The second most popular is Chinese, and the third is Spanish.

Language is one of the common signs of the Internet division, along with the division of states, regions, and the first-level domains. The name of the language areas of the Internet is given under the name of the language used as the name of the language editions of Wikipedia. Chuvash-speaking Wikipedia called "Wikipedia of Chuvashia." Chuvash-speaking sphere of the Internet is called "Chuvash Internet."

In the name of the Internet in the Chuvash Chuvash language used in parallel three names: Chăvash Internechĕ, Chăvashtet, Chăvash Tetelĕ.

Chronology

• November 1996 - an internet-portal of the Administration of the President of Chuvash Republic CAP.ru;
• 2002 - a table of Unicode characters have been added to version 3.2 computer code Chuvash Cyrillic letters Ӑ ӑ, Ӗ ӗ, Ҫ ҫ, Ӳ ӳ.^[2]
• March 2004 - opened "Analytical site about the Chuvash," which acted Forum for Chuvash language.^[3] Доменное имя Chuvash.ru было зарегистрировано 29 июня 2006 года на имя Иона Васильева.^[4] The domain name was registered Chuvash.ru June 29, 2006 in the name of Jonah Vassiliev.^[4]
• January 7, 2005 - opened a forum "Chăvash chĕlhi" to communicate to the Chuvash language at "ON-SVYaZI.ru".^[5]
• August 25, 2005 - earned an Internet radio station «Ethnicradio.net», which began broadcasting in the first Chuvash language on the Internet.^[6]
• September 7, 2005 - A system index under "Chuvash national site,".^[7]
• January 27, 2006 - published the first article on the Internet at the Chuvash Chuvash language. The newspaper "Suvar" was published interviews with Ikăruk-th "Chăvash Internechĕ: malashlăha pĕrle Uttar" (Chuvash Internet: Step into the Future).^[8]
• March 12, 2009 - at a meeting of the Interagency Commission for Chuvash language for the discussion of reports of NA Plotnikov, V. Yu Andreev and IV Alekseeva, it was recommended in the e-Chuvash written in the Cyrillic alphabet use Unicode characters for code: ă (U +0103), Ă (U +0102), ĕ (U +0115), Ĕ (U +0114), ç (U +00 E7), Ç (U +00 E7), ÿ (U +00 FF), Ϋ (U + 0178) [10], i.e. Latin letters Ă ă, Ĕ ĕ, Ç ç, Ÿ ÿ.

Problems

The development of the Chuvash Internet is limited by several factors:

• Reducing the number of speakers of Chuvash language
• Replacement of the Chuvash language of everyday communication
• Weak promotion of the Chuvash language in the new communications environment.

The decline in the social-economic area that occurred in the republic after the collapse of the Soviet Union's disastrous impact on the spiritual level of the population. Support for Chuvash language, literature, theater, part of the state was minimal, but help comes only in the form of grants.

Criticism

The main object of criticism of the Official Portal of the Chuvash Republic «CAP.ru» is a violation of the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 19, paragraph 2 of Article 26, paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 68 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation,^[9] Article 8 of the Constitution of the Chuvash Republic,^[10] the Law Chuvash Republic "On languages in the Chuvash Republic".^[11]

The point of criticism is reduced to limit the rights of citizens of the Republic of Chuvashia on access to information about government activities in the Chuvash Republic Chuvash language, as the main language websites of state and municipal authorities, the Russian language. In particular, in accordance with Article 9 of the Law of the Chuvash Republic "On languages in the Chuvash Republic," the laws of the Chuvash Republic have officially published in the Chuvash and Russian, but the government sites are presented only Russian-language texts of the laws.^[12]

One reason for the lack of Chuvash-speaking texts is the imperfection of the software (content management system) portal site of the official authorities of the Chuvash Republic and the blast zone «CAP.ru» - lack of support for Unicode. For this reason: on web pages do not display Cyrillic Ӑ ӑ, Ӗ ӗ, Ҫ ҫ, Ӳ ӳ; in the guest book does not display Cyrillic Ӑ ӑ, Ӗ ӗ, Ҫ ҫ, Ӳ ӳ and externally similar to writing letters of Latin Ă ă, Ĕ ĕ, Ç ç, Ÿ ÿ.

In an information system "Portal of the executive power" of the Chuvash Republic is not a choice she laid the user interface language site.

Alphabets and keyboard

When you create a site in the Chuvash language is used as the Cyrillic alphabet,^[13] and Chuvash Latin.^[14]

For each of the scripts offered its own keyboard layout. To the Chuvash alphabet based on Russian keyboard layout charts proposed by Russian layout QWERTY (Russian). To the Chuvash offered in Latin alphabet keyboard layouts based on the Latin QWERTY and Colemak.

Fonts

The development of network resources in a particular language is impossible without the existence of computer fonts, including all letters of the alphabet of the language.

If all characters are letters in Latin alphabet, the Chuvash are present in all commonly used computer fonts, such as Times New Roman, Arial, Calibri, Cambria, Verdana, Courier New, and also includes a set of characters Windows Glyph List 4, the situation with fonts for the Chuvash Cyrillic alphabet is different.

The absence of a sufficient number of public, professional-quality fonts, including Cyrillic Ӑ ӑ, Ӗ ӗ, Ҫ ҫ, Ӳ ӳ, severely limits the ability to create, design and placement of text in the Chuvash Cyrillic on the Internet. A similar problem exists in other Russian peoples. According to EL Yakupova logical in this situation is the following decision: "The government orders the development of a set of national fonts and puts them into the network. In addition, it is desirable that these fonts are included in the localized operating systems, distributed on the territory of Russia. These fonts should at least support all the languages with the number of speakers of more than 10 thousand people ».^[15]

Guide Russia does not solve the problem with the fonts for the Cyrillic alphabet of Russian peoples. In this situation, Inter-ministerial Commission for the Chuvash language was forced to recommend the use of print in the Chuvash language, instead of Cyrillic letters Ӑ ӑ, Ӗ ӗ, Ҫ ҫ, Ӳ ӳ similar in shape Latin letters Ă ă, Ĕ ĕ, Ç ç, Ÿ ÿ, which are present in the common computer fonts are included in the character set Windows Glyph List 4. Although the use of the Cyrillic alphabet in the Chuvash Latin letters Ă ă, Ĕ ĕ, Ç ç, Ÿ ÿ creates a problem with the alphabetical sorting, but alternative solutions implemented at this time.

Chuvash Wikipedia

Slide presentation from Jimmy Wales

One of the largest sites of Chuvash scope of the Internet is Wikipedia (Chuvash Wikipedia). Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales on the international conference "Wikimedia Foundation" Wikimania 2009 on Chuvash example, Wikipedia has shown the value of Wikipedia for the languages on the verge of extinction.^[16]

Chuvash national radio

Transfer of the audiodates is carried out through a network the Internet under report Microsoft Media Server to the address.

Literature

• Алексеев И. В. Выбор символов для букв чувашского алфавита при размещении информации на веб-сайтах // Аспекты филологических, педагогических, журналистских исследований: Межвузовский сборник научных трудов. — Cheboksary: Новое время, 2009. — С. 244—250.
• Алексеев И. В., Дегтярёв Г. А. К вопросу о создании компьютерной терминологии на чувашском языке // Чувашский язык из глубины веков в будущее / Науч. ред. и сост. Г. А. Дегтярёв. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2007. — С. 100—103.
• Андреев В. Ю. О поисковых системах Интернета // Чувашский язык и современные проблемы алтаистики: Сборник материалов Международной научной конференции «Чувашский язык и современные проблемы алтаистики». В 2-х ч. — Ч. I. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2009. — С. 77-80.
• Дегтярёв Г. А. Компьютерти чăваш чĕлхи: терминологие йĕркелес ыйтусем // Вестник Чебоксарского филиала Московского государственного гуманитарного университета имени М. А. Шолохова. № 6. — Moscow — Cheboksary, 2009. — С. 258—267.
• Дегтярёва И. В. Чĕлхĕ урокĕсенче Интернет пурлăхĕпе усă курасси // Ашмаринские чтения — 6: Материалы Всероссийской научной конференции. — Cheboksary: Чуваш. гос. ин-т гуманит. наук, 2008. — С. 375—380.

See also

• TatNet
• Chuvash Wikipedia
• Дегтярёва И. В. Интернет чăвашла вĕрентет // Халăх шкулĕ. — Вып. 4 (97), 2008. С. 30-31.
• Матвеев И. Чăваш интернечĕ: малашлăха пĕрле утар // Сувар, 2006, Jan. 27.
• Яковлев В. Интернетри «Чăваштет» — чăваш этносфери // Хыпар, 2006, June. 28.

References

External links

• Каталог сайтов Чувашского Интернета на Chuvash.ru
• Каталог сайтов Чувашского Интернета на Chuvash.net
• Chuvash people site;
• Official site of the Chuvash Republic.
• "Киләчәген кайгырткан халык үз телен һәм мәдәниятен үстерүгә акча табарга тиеш"Template:Ref-tt