Chloroplast capture

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Chloroplast capture is an evolutionary phenomenon that an inter-species hybridization and subsequent backcrossing genetic exchanges would yield a plant with new genetic combination.[1] For instance, 1) species A's (having chloroplast genome a and nuclear genome AA) pollen is hybridize (backcross) to species B's (b and BB) ovule, then 1st hybrid (F1) with chloroplast genome b and nuclear genome A (50%) and B (50%) comes; 2) species A's pollen is again hybridize (backcross) to F1's ovule, then 2nd hybrid (F2) with chloroplast genome b and nuclear genome A (75%) and B (25%) comes; 3) species A's pollen is again hybridize (backcross) to F2's ovule, then 3rd hybrid (F3) with chloroplast genome b and nuclear genome A (87.5%) and B (12.5%) comes; 4) after some generations, a plant with new genetic combination (chloroplast genome b and nuclear genome A) will rise.

Known cases of chloroplast capture

Gymnosperm

Angiosperm

References

  1. ↑ Rieseberg. L. H. and Soltis, D. E. (1991) 'Phylogenetic+consequences+of+cytoplasmic+gene+flow+in+plants' Phylogenetic consequences of cytoplasmic gene flow in plants. Evolutionary Trends in Plants 5: 65-84
  2. ↑ Terry RG, Nowak RS, Tausch (2000) Genetic variation in chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal DNA in Utah juniper ( Juniperus osteosperma, Cupressaceae): evidence for interspecific gene flow. American Journal of Botany 87: 250-258
  3. ↑ Matos, J. A. and B. A. Schaal. 2000. Chloroplast evolution in the Pinus montezumae complex: a coalescent approach to hybridization. Evolution 54: 1218–1233
  4. ↑ Whittemore, A. T., Schaal, B. A. (1991) 'Interspecific+gene+flow+in+sympatric+oaks' Interspecific gene flow in sympatric oaks. PNAS 88: 2540-2544
  5. ↑ Ito, Y., T. Ohi-Toma, J. Murata, and Nr. Tanaka (2013) Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of the Ruppia maritima complex focusing on taxa from the Mediterranean. Journal of Plant Research 126: xxx-xxx.
  6. ↑ Soltis, D. E, P. S. Soltis, T. G. Collier, and M. L. Edgerton. 1991. Chloroplast DNA variation within and among genera of the Heuchera group: evidence for extensive chloroplast capture and the paraphyly of Heuchera and Mitella. American Journal of Botany 78: 1091–1112.
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