Chengdu Metro

Metro
Background
Owner	City of Chengdu
Locale	Chengdu, Sichuan, China
Transit type	Rapid transit
Number of lines	2
Number of stations	43
Daily ridership	900,000 (2013 peak)[1]
Annual ridership	103 million (2012)[2]
Operation
Began operation	27 September 2010 (10 September 2010 Public Trial)
Operator(s)	Chengdu Metro Limited
Technical
System length	49.7km
System map

Chengdu Metro, commonly known as Metro in Chengdu, (Chinese: 成都地铁; pinyin: Chéngdū dìtiě) is a metro system in Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province in China. It has two lines: Line 1, which was constructed between December 2005 and 2010 (trial operation in March 2010 and formal opening on 27 September 2010); and Line 2, which began operations on in September, 2012. It is operated by Chengdu Metro Limited Liability Company. On 27 September 2010 Chengdu Metro was officially opened, making it the first all-Heavy Rail metro system in western China.^[3]

Chengdu is in a tie with Shenyang as the 7th major city in Chinese Mainland to have a functioning subway system, after Beijing, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Tianjin.^[4]

The Chengdu Metro currently consists of two parts:The Chengdu Metro and the City Railway. It is China's first joint venture between a local government and China's national rail operator. Both the Chengdu Metro and Ministry of Railways will work together in building metro lines and high speed commuter rail lines.^[5]

History

• Chengdu Metro's first subway line, Line 1, started construction in 28 December 2005.^[6]
• Construction of the Chengdu Metro Line 2 began on 29 December 2007.^[7]
• Line 1 opened on 27 September 2010.^[3][8]
• Line 4 started construction on 22 July 2011.^[9]
• On 25 April 2012 Line 3, was approved by the Development and Reform Commission^[10]
• On 16 January 2012 the National Development and Reform Commission officially approved the southern extension of Line 1.^[11]
• On 28 Apr. 2012 Line 3 started construction.^[12]
• On 8 June 2013 Line 2 West Extension to Xipu, and Ocean Park Station on Line 1 was opened. Ocean Park was then renamed to Jincheng Plaza.

Network

There will be five lines constructed in the first phase, covering 126 km with 116 stations including 11 interchange stations. Line 1 has 17 stations at along the 18.50 kilometre route, starting at Shengxian Lake and ending at Century City. Line 2 has 26 stations along the 31.20 kilometre route, starting at Xipu and ending at Chengdu Institute of Administration.

Line 1

Luomashi Station

The construction of the first phase of Line 1, costing 7 billion yuan, will change the city. One of the metro planners said the construction of the metro will change the layout of residential quarters in the city, with residential areas moving out to the suburbs.^[13] A natural ventilation system has been used in the construction of the underground section of Line 1 on the subway system from Southern Third Ring Road to Chengdu New Exhibition and Convention Center. Square ventilation units are built every 30m along the subway top to allow fresh air from the ground enter the construction site underground. The method is used in subway construction in other countries as it cuts the construction cost and it saves energy. The subway system is the first in China to adopt such a ventilation system during construction. Chengdu Metro is planning to set up a section for subway fire control and introduce the latest fire fighting technologies and vehicles.^[14]

Entrance hall of Metro station

Line 2

Line 2 is a crosstown northwest-southeast trunk route. It serves the Chengdu East Railway Station. Line 2 began operation on 16 September 2012.^[15]

Rolling stock and technology

There will be 22 B size sets of three cars each when the line opens, made by CSR. The trains will be air-conditioned and can hold up to a maximum of 1,200 people. The cars will be 2.8m wide and 19m long. In the future, trains will be expanded to five cars. The rolling stock's average train speed will be 35 km/h and its maximum speed will be 80 km/h. The metro system will be equipped with Automatic Train Protection, Automatic Train Control, Automatic Train Stop and Automatic Train Operation. Fire alarms, on-train/track systems, and automatic fare collection systems will also be installed. A minimum curve radius of 400m will be used where possible, though some restricted areas will have a curve radius of 300m. The maximum gradient will be 35% and the railway tracks will be laid to standard gauge (1435mm) using 60 kg/m rail, allowing a maximum speed of 80 km/h. The power supply will be 750V DC with third rail collection and running rail return.^[16]

In April 2011, a further order was announced for trains from CSR, taking the total to 354 units.^[17]

Chengdu Metro train

Network expansion

Seven lines are planned to be constructed over the next thirty years and five have been planned so far, with all around the city centre. When the whole of Line 1 is completed, it will have a length of 31.6 km with 22.44 km of underground tracks and 9.16 km of tracks at either ground level or elevated with 23 stations. There will be a depot at Huayang, two main substations, ten traction substations and one control centre. Line 1 will interchange with Chengdu Railway Station and Chengdu South Railway Stations.^[16]

Lines under construction

Line 3,4 and Line 1 Phase 2 are currently under construction and expected to be finished before 2015.^[18] Line 7 is expected to start construction before the end of 2012 with a 2015 target completion date.^[19] In 2020 is expected to Chengdu will build about 291 km of subway lines.^[20]

Chengdu Metro Plan of 2020

Lines Under Planning

Also in planning are Lines 5, 6 and Lines 3 and 4 extensions which is expected to start construction in 2017.^[18]

References

1. ↑ http://sichuan.scol.com.cn/cddt/content/2013-03/29/content_4919855.htm?node=965
2. ↑ "成都：2012年成都地铁全年累计载客过亿人次". huochepiao. 8 January 2013. Retrieved 2013-02-18. 
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2010-09/27/content_11355596.htm, China Daily, 2010-09-27
4. ↑ Other Chinese metro systems, such as Dalian Metro and Wuhan Metro, opened earlier than Chengdu Metro, but is not entirely underground. See respective subject pages for details.
5. ↑ (Chinese)"全国首家地铁合资公司9月10日将在成都诞生". 成都日报. 4 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-06. 
6. ↑ (Chinese)"成都开通我国西部地区首条地铁". 新华网. 27 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-27. 
7. ↑ (Chinese)"成都地铁二号线一期工程本月16日开通试运营" (in Chinese). 四川在线. 13 September 2012. Retrieved 2012-09-13. 
8. ↑ (Chinese)"成都进入地铁时代 市民体验1号线开通试运营". 四川在线. 24 August 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-27. 
9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 (Chinese)"成都地铁4号线获发改委批复 10月正式开建". 四川在线. 22 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-22. 
10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 (Chinese)"成都地铁3号线一期工程获批 最高时速80公里". 华西都市报. 27 April 2012. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 
11. ↑ (Chinese)"成都地铁1号线南延线获国家发改委批复". 四川新闻网. 29 August 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-29. 
12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "成都地铁3号线一期获批 明日开工设15站点". 新华网四川频道. 27 April 2012. Retrieved 2012-04-28. 
13. ↑ Huang Zhiling and Bao Xinyan, Work begins on new metro schemes, China Daily, 2005-12-29
14. ↑ Chengdu Municipal Government, Subway to Adopt Natural Ventilation, Retrieved on 2007-03-13
15. ↑ "成都地铁2号线今日正式开通试运营". Retrieved 16 September 2012. 
16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Chengdu Metro Project, China, Railway Technology, Retrieved on 2007-03-13
17. ↑ "Chengdu Metro orders more cars". 7 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-08. 
18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 "成都地铁3、4、7号线2015年通车" Sichuan News 2012-09-14
19. ↑ "2015年成都地铁基本成网" Sichuan News 2012-09-14
20. ↑ (Chinese)"2020年 成都市轨道交通运营网总规模约291公里". 四川在线. 9 November 2012. Retrieved 2012-11-09. 
21. ↑ "成都地铁规划将增至9条 未来将直达双流机场". 10 December 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-10. 
22. ↑ "成都地铁4号线项目获"准生证" 今年10月正式动工". 23 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-23. 
23. ↑ "成都地铁4号线后年底"三通"". 16 March 2012. Retrieved 2012-03-16. 
24. ↑ "成都地铁1号线南延线车站动工". 四川新闻网. 9 June 2012. Retrieved 2012-06-09. 
25. ↑ "成都地铁3号线北延线工程环境影响评价第一次公示" (in Chinese). 成都地铁. 14 November 2012. Retrieved 2012-11-014.  Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 "成都地铁4号线二期工程环境影响评价第一次公示" (in Chinese). 成都地铁. 14 November 2012. Retrieved 2012-11-014.  Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
27. ↑ "成都地铁7号线工程环境影响评价补充公示". 成都地铁. 14 November 2012. Retrieved 2012-12-24. 
28. ↑ "成都地铁10号线一期工程环境影响评价第一次公示". 成都地铁. 14 November 2012. Retrieved 2012-11-14. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chengdu Metro.

• Chengdu Metro Official Website (Chinese)
• Chengdu Metro on Urbanrail (English)

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