Charles-Émile Reynaud
| Charles-Émile Reynaud | |
|---|---|
| Born |
December 8, 1844 Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis, France |
| Died |
January 9, 1918 (aged 73) Ivry-sur-Seine, Seine (now Val-de-Marne), France |
| Occupation | Science teacher, inventor |
Charles-Émile Reynaud (8 December 1844 – 9 January 1918) was a French pioneer, responsible for the first projected animated cartoon films. Reynaud created the Praxinoscope in 1877 and the Théâtre Optique in December 1888, and on 28 October 1892 he projected the first animated film in public, Pauvre Pierrot, at the Musée Grévin in Paris. This film is also notable as the first known instance of film perforations being used.
Ryanaud died in a hospice on the banks of the Seine where he had been cared for since 29 March 1917. His late years were tragic from 1910 when, crushed by a lewis, dejected and penniless, he threw the greater part of his irreplaceable work and unique equipment into the Seine as the public had deserted his "Théatre Optique" shows which had been a celebrated attraction at the Musée Grevin between 1892 and 1900.
Filmography
| Year | Film |
|---|---|
| 1892 | Un bon bock |
| Pauvre Pierrot | |
| Le Clown et ses chiens | |
| 1894 | Rêve au coin du feu |
| Autour d'une cabine | |
Some of his first creations (1877–1879)
Série 1
- L'Aquarium
- Le Jongleur
- L'Equilibriste
- Le Repas des Poulets
- Les Bulles de Savon
- Le Rotisseur
- La Danse sur la Corde
- Les Chiens Savants
- Le Jeu de Corde
- Zim, Boum, Boum
Série 2
- Les Scieurs de Long
- Le Jeu du Volant
- Le Moulin à Eau
- Le Déjeuner de Bébé
- La Rosace Magique
- Les Papillons
- Le Trapèze
- La Nageuse
- Le Singe Musicien
Lanature1882 praxinoscope projection - La Glissade
Série 3
- La Charmeuse
- La Balançoire
- L'Hercule
- Les Deux Espiègles
- Le Fumeur
- Le Jeu de grâces
- L'Amazone
- Le Steeple-chase
- Les Petits valseurs
- Les Clowns
His films were not photographed, but drawn directly onto the transparent strip. In 1900, more than 500,000 people had attended these screenings.
His inventions
- The praxinoscope, in 1876,
- The praxinoscope-jouet( praxinoscope-toy ), in 1877.
- The praxinoscope-théâtre, in 1879.
- The praxinoscope of projection, in 1880.
- Comics with central perforation.
- The théâtre optique, in 1888,
- The stéréo-cinéma, in 1907, Pictures and some animations in3D.
Books and references
- Dominique Auzel, Émile Reynaud et l'image s'anima biographie d'Émile Reynaud
- éditions du May (1992), ISBN 2-906450-72-3 (photos en couleurs)
- And at Dreamland éditeur (2000), ISBN 2-910027-37-6 (photos en noir et blanc)
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles-Émile Reynaud. |
- Charles-Émile Reynaud at the Internet Movie Database
- Kinodinamico
- Who's Who of Victorian Cinema Biography
- Biography
- Biography
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