Charilaos Florakis

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Charilaos Florakis

Secretary General of the Communist Party of Greece
In office 1972–1989
Preceded by	Konstantinos Koligiannis
Succeeded by	Grigoris Farakos
Personal details
Born	(1914-07-20)20 July 1914 Paliozoglopi (near Karditsa), Greece
Died	22 May 2005(2005-05-22) (aged 90) Athens, Greece
Political party	Communist Party of Greece
Religion	Greek Orthodox

Charilaos Florakis (also Harilaos Florakis; Greek: Χαρίλαος Φλωράκης; 20 July 1914 – 22 May 2005) was a leader of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE).

Early life

Florakis was born on 20 July 1914 in the village of Paliozoglopi, located near Agrafa in the Itamos municipality, in the Karditsa Prefecture, Greece. He joined the Communist Party of Greece in 1941. An EAM-ELAS partisan during the resistance to the Nazi occupation in World War II, Florakis was on the losing side of the Greek Civil War that followed the liberation of the country, and subsequently left the country.

After the Civil War

On his return to Greece in 1954 he was arrested. During his life he spent 18 years in detention or jail - including being put in internal exile by the Greek colonels in the beginning of the 1967-74 military dictatorship.

First elected to parliament in 1974 after the Metapolitefsi, Florakis led KKE as its general secretary from 1972 until 1989, when, though still fit for the job, he announced his decision to step down from the party's top post and proposed Grigoris Farakos as his successor.

Break with and return to KKE

Florakis did not retire from politics, however. In the same year he retired from the leadership of the KKE, he was approved as the president of the newly founded Synaspismos or Coalition of the Left. Synaspismos was an attempt to reconcile Greece's two main communist factions, which arose in 1968 out of the Soviet intervention in Czechoslovakia that crushed the Prague Spring. That show of brute strength led many Greek communists to break with the Moscow-oriented KKE and to join one of the factions that emerged.

Synaspismos was created partly at the instigation of Florakis, and drew members from both the KKE and the KKE-Interior Eurocommunists. It also became an umbrella for other leftist groups and disaffected supporters of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement of Andreas Papandreou, which lost the general election in 1989.

In 1991, as it became increasingly clear that Soviet communism would not last, a rift arose within the KKE between those who supported continuing efforts towards a reconciliation with the Euro-communists through Synaspismos, and orthodox communists who felt that communism was threatened internationally and favoured a return to ideological roots. Florakis sided with the latter and at the 13th KKE conference in early 1991 —even before the fall of Mikhail Gorbachev and the dissolution of the Soviet Union— the party officially withdrew all support from Synaspismos and Florakis was elected honorary president of the KKE.

Death

Florakis died of heart failure at his home in Athens on 22 May 2005. Florakis' body lay in state at the KKE headquarters in Perissos on May 24–25 where thousands of party members and sympathisers queued to pay their respects. Party leader Aleka Papariga addressed a civil funeral on the evening of May 25 which was attended by the President of Greece Karolos Papoulias, prime minister Costas Karamanlis, parliament speaker Anna Benaki-Psarouda, opposition Pasok party leader George Papandreou, Left Coalition leader Alekos Alavanos, Cypriot communist party AKEL leader and Cyprus parliament speaker Dimitris Christofias, many ministers and MPs and other dignitaries. He was interred on May 26 at the Agios Ilias cemetery in his native village.

Awards

Florakis received many awards during his lifetime for his multiple achievements and political activities:

Order of Friendship of Peoples, from the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
Order of Karl Marx, from the German Democratic Republic
Dimitrov Prize, from the People's Republic of Bulgaria
Order of Lenin, from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1984

External links

Party political offices
Preceded by Konstantinos Koligiannis	General Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece 1972–1989	Succeeded by Grigoris Farakos
New title	Chairman of Synaspismos 1989–1991	Succeeded by Maria Damanaki

v t e General Secretaries of the Communist Party of Greece

Nikos Dimitratos ^§(1918–1922) Yannis Kordatos ^§(1922) Nikos Sargologos ^§(1922–1923) Thomas Apostolidis ^§(1923–1924) Pandelis Pouliopoulos (1924–1925) Eleftherios Stavridis (1925–1926) Pastias Giatsopoulos (1926–1927) Andronikos Chaitas (1927–1931) Nikos Zachariadis (1931–1956) Andreas Tsipas ^‡(1941) Georgios Siantos ^‡(1942–1945) Apostolos Grozos (1956) Konstantinos Koligiannis (1956–1972) Charilaos Florakis (1972–1989) Grigoris Farakos (1989–1991) Aleka Papariga (1991–2013) Dimitris Koutsoumpas (since 2013)

^§ Leaders of the Socialist Labour Party of Greece (SEKE) ^‡ Acting Secretary in the absence of the imprisoned Zachariadis

Authority control	WorldCat VIAF: 46964002 LCCN: n91004247 GND: 1035677148 BNF: cb140551278

Persondata
Name	Florakis, Charilaos
Alternative names
Short description	Greek politician
Date of birth	20 July 1914
Place of birth	Paliozoglopi, Greece (near Karditsa)
Date of death	22 May 2005
Place of death	Athens, Greece

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