Chandi di Var
| Dasam Granth <small">Dasam Granth - (ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ)
|
| Banis |
| Jaap Sahib - Akal Ustat - Bachitar Natak - Chandi Charitar Ukat(i) Bilas - Chandi Charitar 2 - Chandi di Var - Gyan Parbodh - Chobis Avatar - Brahm Avtar - Rudar Avtar - Sabad patshahi 10 - 33 Swaiyey - Khalsa Mahima - Shastar Nam Mala - Charitropakhyan - Zafarnamah - Hikayats |
| Other Related Banis |
| Ugardanti - Bhagauti Astotar - Sri Kaal Chopai - Lakhi Jungle Khalsa - Asfotak Kabits - Sahansar Sukhmana - Vaar Malkauns Ki - Chandd |
| History |
| Historical sources - Memorials |
| Various aspects |
| Idolatry Prohibtion |
Chandi di Var also known as Var Sri Bhagauti Ji is a composition included in the 5th chapter of Dasam Granth. It is based on an episode from the Sanskrit work Markandeya Purana,[1] and describes the conflict between the Gods and the Demons. In the ballad, the supreme goddess (see Chandi) is transformed into a liberating divine power in the form of sword, that crushes perpetuators of falsehood.[2]
Meaning of Bhagauti
Bhagauti stands for God and sometimes for sword which is identified with God. Bhagavathi is used as a synonym of the word Bhagauti in other parts of India.[3]
Authorship
- It is traditionally believed that Chandi di Var was written by Guru Gobind Singh at Anandpur Sahib, However, few modern scholars, including W.H. Mcleod, a Christian, dispute this claim the basis that the poem's contents are not written in Guru Gobind Singh's writing style, concluding it was composed by an unknown poet in his entourage.[4][5]
- According to early Sikh Historian, Bhai Koer Singh Kalal as mentioned in Gurbilas Patshahi 10 (1751), Chandi di Vaar was written by Guru Gobind Singh at Anandpur Sahib.[6] Various other Sikh historians and scholars like Giani Ditt Singh, Professor Sahib Singh, Giani Gian Singh, Ratan Singh Bhangu, Kavi Santokh Singh also supported this fact.
Overview
The first part of the Var is known as the "Ardas", the opening Section of Sikh prayer which invokes the names of the Gurus:
ੴ ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਕੀ ਫਤਹ ॥
ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਗਉਤੀ ਜੀ ਸਹਾਇ ॥
ਵਾਰ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਭਗਉਤੀ ਜੀ ਕੀ ॥
ਪ੍ਰਿਥਮ ਭਗੌਤੀ ਸਿਮਰਿ ਕੈ ਗੁਰੁ ਨਾਨਕ ਲਈਂ ਧਿਆਇ ॥
ਫਿਰ ਅੰਗਦ ਗੁਰ ਤੇ ਅਮਰਦਾਸੁ ਰਾਮਦਾਸੈ ਹੋਈਂ ਸਹਾਇ ॥
ਅਰਜਨ ਹਰਿਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਨੋ ਸਿਮਰੌ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿਰਾਇ ॥
ਸ੍ਰੀ ਹਰਿ ਕਿਸ਼ਨ ਧਿਆਈਐ ਜਿਸ ਡਿਠੇ ਸਭਿ ਦੁਖਿ ਜਾਇ ॥
ਤੇਗ ਬਹਾਦਰ ਸਿਮਰਿਐ ਘਰ ਨਉ ਨਿਧਿ ਆਵੈ ਧਾਇ ॥
ਸਭ ਥਾਈਂ ਹੋਇ ਸਹਾਇ ॥੧॥
Translation:
One Supreme reality
Victory to the Lord, the Eternal One.
May Almighty God assist us, I write the ode of Almighty God.
Having first remembered God and then I reflect on Guru Nanak.
Then Guru Angad, Guru Amar Das and Guru Ram Das, may they help us.
I reflect on Guru Arjan, Guru Hargobind and Guru Har Rai.
I remember Guru Har Kishan, by whose sight all the sufferings vanish.
Then I do remember Guru Tegh Bahadur, through whose grace the nine treasures come my house.
May they be helpful to us everywhere.
The author describes the emergence Goddess Chandi as a force that destroys the demons.
ਤੈ ਹੀ ਦੁਰਗਾ ਸਾਜਿ ਕੈ ਦੈਤਾ ਦਾ ਨਾਸੁ ਕਰਾਇਆ ॥
ਤੈਥੋਂ ਹੀ ਬਲੁ ਰਾਮ ਲੈ ਨਾਲ ਬਾਣਾ ਦਹਸਿਰੁ ਘਾਇਆ ॥
ਤੈਥੋਂ ਹੀ ਬਲੁ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਨ ਲੈ ਕੰਸੁ ਕੇਸੀ ਪਕੜਿ ਗਿਰਾਇਆ ॥
ਤੈਥੋਂ ਹੀ ਬਲੁ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਨ ਲੈ ਕੰਸੁ ਕੇਸੀ ਪਕੜਿ ਗਿਰਾਇਆ ॥
ਬਡੇ ਬਡੇ ਮੁਨਿ ਦੇਵਤੇ ਕਈ ਜੁਗ ਤਿਨੀ ਤਨੁ ਤਾਇਆ ॥
ਕਿਨੀ ਤੇਰਾ ਅੰਤੁ ਨ ਪਾਇਆ ॥੨॥
Translation:
Lord! By creating Durga, you have caused destruction of demons.
Rama received power from you to kill Ravana with arrows.
Krishna received power from you to threw down Kansa by catching his hair.
The great sages and gods, even practising great austerities for several ages; do not know your limits.
See also
References
- ↑ Gurbachan Singh Talib. The Impact of Guru Gobind Singh on Indian Society. Guru Gobind Singh Foundation. p. 59.
- ↑ Gurbhagat Singh. Literature and Folklore After Poststructuralism. p. 89.
- ↑ Banerjee, Dr. Anil Chander (April 1981). "Guru Gobind Singh and Shakhtieult". The Sikh Review. No. 378: 32.
- ↑ Amaresh Datta, ed. (2006). The Encyclopaedia Of Indian Literature (Volume One (A To Devo), Volume 1. Sahitya Akademi. p. 888. ISBN 978-81-260-1803-1.
- ↑ McLeod, W. H. (2005-07-28). Historical dictionary of Sikhism. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 44–. ISBN 978-0-8108-5088-0. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
- ↑ ਪੰਨਾ 156, Gurbilas Patshahi 10, Koer Singh Kalal
External links
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