Ceramidase
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ceramidase (EC 3.5.1.23, acylsphingosine deacylase, glycosphingolipid ceramide deacylase) is an enzyme which cleaves fatty acids from ceramide, producing sphingosine (SPH) which in turn is phosphorylated by a sphingosine kinase to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).[1]
Function
Ceramide, SPH, and S1P are bioactive lipids that mediate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, adhesion, and migration. Presently, 7 human ceramidases encoded by 7 distinct genes have been cloned:[1]
- acid ceramidase (ASAH1) โ cell survival
- neutral ceramidase (ASAH2, ASAH2B, ASAH2C) โ protective against inflammatory cytokines
- alkaline ceramidase 1 (ACER1) โ mediating cell differentiation by controlling the generation of SPH and S1P
- alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2) โ important for cell proliferation and survival
- alkaline ceramidase 3 (ACER3)
Clinical significance
A deficiency in ASAH1 is associated with Farber disease.
References
- โ 1.0 1.1 Mao C, Obeid LM (September 2008). "Ceramidases: regulators of cellular responses mediated by ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine-1-phosphate". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1781 (9): 424โ34. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2008.06.002. PMC 2614331. PMID 18619555.
External links
- Ceramidase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- EC 3.5.1.23
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