Cephalic flexure

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Cephalic flexure

Brain of human embryo of four and a half weeks, showing interior of fore-brain. (Cephalic flexure visible at center top.)
Latin	flexura mesencephalica
Gray's	p.737
Code	TE E5.14.3.3.0.0.3

The mesencephalic flexure or cephalic flexure is the first flexure, or bend, of the embryonic brain; it appears in the region of the mid-brain. In human embryos it generally occurs at the end of the 3rd week/beginning of 4th.

By means of it the fore-brain is bent in a ventral direction around the anterior end of the notochord and fore-gut, with the result that the floor of the fore-brain comes to lie almost antiparallel with that of the hind-brain.

This flexure causes the mid-brain to become, for a time, the most prominent part of the brain, since its dorsal surface corresponds with the convexity of the curve. As a consequence, the cardiac plate, which was previously anterior to the forebrain, approximates its adult location in what will become the thoracic region.

External links

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

Prenatal development/Mammalian development of nervous system (GA 9.733 and GA 10.1002, TE E5.13-16)

Neurogenesis

General neural development/ neurulation/neurula	Notochord Neuroectoderm Neural plate Neural fold Neural groove Neuropoiesis

Neural crest	Cranial neural crest Cardiac neural crest complex Truncal neural crest

Neural tube	Rostral neuropore Neuromere/Rhombomere Cephalic flexure Pontine flexure Alar plate sensory Basal plate motor Glioblast Neuroblast Germinal matrix

Eye development

Surface ectoderm: Lens placode

Auditory development

Otic placode
- Otic pit
- Otic vesicle

note: NS is mostly ectoderm, but mesoderm is precursor for epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium

M: CNS

anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

M: EYE

anat (g/a/p)/phys/devp/prot

noco/cong/tumr, epon

proc, drug (S1A/1E/1F/1L)

M: EAR

anat (e/p)/phys/devp

noco/cong, epon

proc, drug (S2)

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