Central tegmental tract

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Brain: Central tegmental tract
Diagram of the midbrain, sectioned at the level of the superior colliculus (Central tegmental tract not labeled, but region is visible.)
Axial section of the Brainstem (Pons) at the level of the Facial Colliculus (Central tegmental tract not labeled, but region is visible.)
Latin	Tractus tegmentalis centralis
NeuroNames	ancil-718

The central tegmental tract is a structure in the midbrain and pons.

The central tegmental tract includes ascending axonal fibers that arise from the rostral nucleus solitarius and terminate in the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) of thalamus. Information from the thalamus will go to cortical taste area, namely the insula and frontal operculum.

It also contains descending axonal fibers from the parvocellular red nucleus. The descending axons will project to the inferior olivary nucleus. This latter pathway (the rubro-olivary tract) will be used to connect the contralateral cerebellum.

Lesion of the tract can cause palatal myoclonus, e.g. in myoclonic syndrome, itself a symptom of medial superior pontine syndrome: a form of stroke affecting the paramedian branches of the upper basilar artery.

Additional Images

Horizontal section through the lower part of the pons. The central tegmental tract is labeled #16.

External links

Blumenfeld, Hal, "Neuroanatomy Through Clinical Cases" Sinauer Associates, Inc. 2002</ref>

Human brain: rhombencephalon, myelencephalon: medulla (TA A14.1.04, GA 9.767)

Dorsal

Surface

Grey: Cranial nuclei

afferent:	GVA: VII,IX,X: Solitary/tract/Dorsal respiratory group SVA: Gustatory nucleus GSA: VIII-v Lateral Medial Inferior

efferent:	GSE: XII GVE: IX,X,XI: Ambiguus SVE: X: Dorsal IX: Inferior salivatory nucleus

Grey: other

White: Sensory/ascending

White: Motor/descending

Ventral

White: Motor/descending	Motor decussation Olivocerebellar tract Rubro-olivary tract

Grey matter	Ventral respiratory group Arcuate nucleus of medulla Inferior olivary nucleus Rostral ventromedial medulla

Surface	Anterior median fissure Anterolateral sulcus Olive Pyramid

Grey: Raphe/
reticular

M: CNS

anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

Human brain, rhombencephalon, metencephalon: pons (TA A14.1.05.101–604, GA 9.785)

Dorsal/
(tegmentum)

Surface

White: Sensory/ascending

MLF, III, IV and VI: Vestibulo-oculomotor fibers

White: Motor/descending

Grey: Cranial nuclei

afferent:	GSA: Principal V/Spinal V VIII-c Dorsal Anterior VIII-v Superior

efferent:	SVE: Motor V VII GSE: VI GVE: VII: Superior salivary nucleus

Other grey

Ventral/
(base)

Grey	Pontine nuclei

White: Motor/descending	Corticospinal tract Corticobulbar tract Corticopontine fibers MCP Pontocerebellar fibers

Surface	Basilar sulcus

Other grey: Raphe/
reticular

M: CNS

anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

Human brain: mesencephalon (midbrain) (TA A14.1.06, GA 9.800)

Tectum
(Dorsal)

Surface	Corpora quadrigemina: Inferior colliculi Brachium of inferior colliculus Superior colliculi Brachium of superior colliculus

Grey matter	Pretectal area

White: Sensory/ascending	Spinotectal tract Central tegmental tract

White: Motor/descending	Tectospinal tract

Peduncle
(Ventral)

Tegmentum

White: Sensory/ascending

White: Motor/descending

Grey: cranial nuclei

Grey: other

Periaqueductal gray/Raphe nuclei Dorsal raphe nucleus

Ventral tegmental area Pedunculopontine nucleus Red nucleus

riMLF

Ventricular system

Cerebral aqueduct

Base

White: Motor/descending	Cerebral crus: Corticospinal tract Corticobulbar tract Corticopontine tract/Frontopontine fibers/Temporopontine fibers

Grey: Substantia nigra	Pars compacta Pars reticulata

Surface	Superior cerebellar peduncle Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles Interpeduncular fossa

M: CNS

anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

Sensory system: Gustatory system (TA 15.4, GA 10.991)

Tongue

Path

medulla:	Solitary tract VII IX X Solitary nucleus Gustatory nucleus

pons:	Central tegmental tract Medial parabrachial nucleus Hypothalamus Amygdala

thalamus:	Ventral posteromedial nucleus

cerebrum:	Posterior limb of internal capsule Gustatory cortex

Other

Basic tastes

M: TST

anat, phys

sysi

–

Brain and spinal cord: neural tracts and fasciculi

Sensory/
ascending

PCML

1°: Pacinian corpuscle/Meissner's corpuscle → Posterior column (Gracile fasciculus/Cuneate fasciculus) → Gracile nucleus/Cuneate nucleus

2°: → sensory decussation/arcuate fibers (Posterior external arcuate fibers, Internal arcuate fibers) → Medial lemniscus/Trigeminal lemniscus → Thalamus (VPL, VPM)

3°: → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Postcentral gyrus

Anterolateral/
pain

Fast/lateral	1° (Free nerve ending → A delta fiber) → 2° (Anterior white commissure → Lateral and Anterior Spinothalamic tract → Spinal lemniscus → VPL of Thalamus) → 3° (Postcentral gyrus) → 4° (Posterior parietal cortex) 2° (Spinotectal tract → Superior colliculus of Midbrain tectum)

Slow/medial	1° (Group C nerve fiber → Spinoreticular tract → Reticular formation) → 2° (MD of Thalamus) → 3° (Cingulate cortex)

Motor/
descending

Pyramidal	flexion: Primary motor cortex → Posterior limb of internal capsule → Decussation of pyramids → Corticospinal tract (Lateral, Anterior) → Neuromuscular junction

Extrapyramidal	flexion: Primary motor cortex → Genu of internal capsule → Corticobulbar tract → Facial motor nucleus → Facial muscles flexion: Red nucleus → Rubrospinal tract extension: Vestibulocerebellum → Vestibular nuclei → Vestibulospinal tract extension: Vestibulocerebellum → Reticular formation → Reticulospinal tract Midbrain tectum → Tectospinal tract → muscles of neck

Basal ganglia	direct: 1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPi) → 3° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 4° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 5° (Motor cortex) indirect: 1° (Motor cortex → Striatum) → 2° (GPe) → 3° (Subthalamic fasciculus → Subthalamic nucleus) → 4° (Subthalamic fasciculus → GPi) → 5° (Lenticular fasciculus/Ansa lenticularis → Thalamic fasciculus → VL of Thalamus) → 6° (Thalamocortical radiations → Supplementary motor area) → 7° (Motor cortex) nigrostriatal pathway: Pars compacta → Striatum

Cerebellar

Afferent

Vestibular nucleus → Vestibulocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum → Granule cell

Pontine nuclei → Pontocerebellar fibers → MCP → Deep cerebellar nuclei → Granule cell

Inferior olivary nucleus → Olivocerebellar tract → ICP → Hemisphere → Purkinje cell → Deep cerebellar nuclei

Efferent

Dentate nucleus in Lateral hemisphere/pontocerebellum → SCP → Dentatothalamic tract → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex

Interposed nucleus in Intermediate hemisphere/spinocerebellum → SCP → Reticular formation, or → Cerebellothalamic tract → Red nucleus → Thalamus (VL) → Motor cortex

Fastigial nucleus in Flocculonodular lobe/vestibulocerebellum → Vestibulocerebellar tract → Vestibular nucleus

Bidirectional:
Spinocerebellar

Unc. prop.	lower limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Posterior thoracic nucleus → Dorsal/posterior spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellar vermis) upper limb → 1° (muscle spindles → DRG) → 2° (Accessory cuneate nucleus → Cuneocerebellar tract → ICP → Anterior lobe of cerebellum)

Reflex arc	lower limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Ventral/anterior spinocerebellar tract→ SCP → Cerebellar vermis) upper limb → 1° (Golgi tendon organ) → 2° (Rostral spinocerebellar tract → ICP → Cerebellum)

M: CNS

anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)

M: PNS

anat (h/r/t/c/b/l/s/a)/phys (r)/devp/prot/nttr/nttm/ntrp

noco/auto/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1B)

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.