Castle Kilbride

Castle Kilbride
National Historic Site of Canada
Castle Kilbride, Baden, ON
Province	Ontario
Municipality	Township of Wilmot
Elevation	354 metres (1,161 ft)
Designated as a NHSC	March 1994
Year built	1877
Website	Historic Castle Kilbride

Castle Kilbride is the former residence of James Livingston, a Canadian member of parliament, and owner of flax and linseed oil mills. It was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in March 1994.^[1][2]

It was built in Baden, Ontario in 1877 and named after Livingston's birthplace in Scotland. The major feature of Castle Kilbride is the interior decorative murals in the style of the Italian Renaissance. The trompe-l'œil technique used in the murals gives the illusion of a third dimension. The building is also an outstanding example of an Italianate villa of its place and time, and at the time of its building was a tribute to the reputation of its owner as the so-called 'Flax and Oil King of Canada'.

History

The original owner of Castle Kilbride was James Livingston. He was born in Scotland November 27, eight years before the great potato famine of Europe.^[3] James Livingston moved to North America from Scotland two years before the end of the great potato famine of Europe was over.^[4] When he arrived in Canada he hardly had a penny to his name. He ended up staying in the town of Baden. He started working with his older brother John to earn simple wages to keep themselves. After a while the brothers pooled enough money to start a small flax farm. In 1861, James Livingston married to Louise Liersch. To make the processing of flax cheaper the brothers built a flax mill in 1863 and in 1864. Over the course of a little more than ten years James and John got about fifty five tons of flax seeds. He chose a good crop to grow due to the fact that at 1871 there was a call for different linens than cotton. This was due to the civil war in America causes massive devastation to cotton farms. The reason that James Livingston was able to build Castle Kilbride was due to one of the ways that flax seeds can be used for. Flax seeds can be used in hemp for clothing and in linseed oil. Castle Kilbride was built due to the selling of linseed oil. The second mill that was built in Baden during the 1874 year was used to produce linseed oil. When the production of oil paints included linseed oil to add to its quality the Livingston brothers made the ‘J&J Livingston Dominion Linseed Oil Company’. Upon the creation of this company the brothers were considered the “Flax Kings of Canada”. By 1881 the Livingston brothers had more than 3000 acres that were being used for flax farming. James Livingston built Castle Kilbride to resemble a Victorian Scottish house. The house was built and in condition for residents by 1878, which is also the year that James Livingston was elected Reeve of the Township of Wilmot. James’s older brother died in 1896 making him the head of the entire business. Mr. Livingston often looked into innovations of technology, such as the automobile. He built four automobiles after a presentation by Henry Ford in the Waterloo region in the year 1904 before deciding that it was not something that he was fond of doing. In 1900 the operation of all James Livingston’s facilities went to his son, John Peter. Every year after James Livingston’s retirement there was a picnic held for all of the company employees along with their families. Upon James and Louise Livingston’s deaths, their son, John Peter, his wife Laura, and their daughter Laura Louise moved into Castle Kilbride. John Peter continued to meet the approval of the employees as a good man. The Livingston oil company began to decline at the invention of latex paint. Castle Kilbride was not sold to the Township of Wilmot until 1988.^[3]

Building

The construction of Castle Kilbride took about one year to complete. It was constructed by a local man known by the community as David Gingerich. Castle Kilbride was completed around the year 1878. Its design was based on the Scottish houses that were built around 1854.^[3] One thing that James Livingston did with the design was made the front lawn in the shape of a heart to show tribute to his love to his wife, Louise.^[5] The castle ended up consisting of over 10,000 square feet of living space. It also had the approximate dimensions of 44 feet wide, 42 feet deep and 44 feet high. The residence is three stories tall and has undergone changes over the course of time. Castle Kilbride today contains a mixture of all sorts of items that were housed in it all the way to the time that it was sold to the Township of Wilmot in 1988. However, the actual paintings that are displayed on the walls are original and are considered to be a part of art known as trompe l’oeil, which means “fool the eye”. The only known major addition to the Castle was done in 1920. This is when John Peter expanded a storage area to make the summer kitchen. The Township of Wilmot did not start the restoration of the Castle until 1993. The next year it was made a Historical site.^[3] Some of the items that are displayed in Castle Kilbride include quilts, furniture, and household items. Kilbride also includes Homer Watson’s paintings and some documentation of Homer Watson, McKenzie King, and Joseph Seagram. In the year 1994, Castle Kilbride was declared a National Historic Site. Castle Kilbride is located in the city of Baden, Ontario. The exact address of Castle Kilbride is 60 Snyder's Road West.^[6]

Events

Upon the Township of Wilmot’s purchase of Castle Kilbride it was turned into a museum. Kilbride gives tours of the facility. Some tours are for the first floor, some go over multiple floors, and then there are self-guided tours. Each tour goes through a brief history of the facility and has objects that can be viewed from a number of eras in our history.^[6] Castle Kilbride has been a place where people go to see items that might have been found in their ancestor's home. Some people go as far as to get married at this landmark. Reservations must be made in advance, but can be made online or by phone.^[7] On a rare occasion an event is held on the vicinity of Castle Kilbride. One such event was the display of wedding dresses on the day that James and Louise Livingston were married. At this event dresses from the past 100 years were put on display for the public to see. There was food and refreshments for the guests and they were given a glimpse into the past.^[5]

References

Bibliography

External links

• Historic Castle Kilbride
• Castle Kilbride Designated as a National Historic Site

Coordinates: 43°24′15″N 80°40′17″W / 43.40417°N 80.67139°W / 43.40417; -80.67139

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