Carme (moon)
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | S. B. Nicholson |
| Discovery date | July 30, 1938[1] |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Mean orbit radius | 23.4 million km[2] |
| Eccentricity | 0.25[2] |
| Orbital period | 702.28 d (2.045 a)[2] |
| Average orbital speed | 2.253 km/s |
| Inclination |
164.91° (to the ecliptic) 167.53° (to Jupiter's equator)[2] |
| Satellite of | Jupiter |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mean radius | ~23 km[3] |
| Surface area | ~6600 km² |
| Volume | ~51,000 km³ |
| Mass | 1.3×1017 kg |
| Mean density | 2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)[3] |
| Equatorial surface gravity | ~0.017 m/s2 (0.0017 g) |
| Escape velocity | ~0.028 km/s |
| Albedo | 0.04 (assumed)[3] |
| Temperature | ~124 K |
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Carme (/ˈkɑrmiː/ KAR-mee; Greek: Κάρμη) is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938.[1] It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess.
Carme did not receive its present name until 1975;[4] before then, it was simply known as Jupiter XI. It was sometimes called "Pan"[5] between 1955 and 1975 (Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn).
It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000.[2] They are continuously changing due to solar and planetary perturbations.
See also
- Irregular satellites
- Jupiter's moons in fiction
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nicholson, S. B. (1938). "Two New Satellites of Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 50: pp.292–293. Bibcode:1938PASP...50..292N. doi:10.1086/124963.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Jacobson, R. A. (2000). "The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites". Astronomical Journal 120 (5): pp.2679–2686. Bibcode:2000AJ....120.2679J. doi:10.1086/316817.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters". JPL (Solar System Dynamics). 2008-10-24. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
- ↑ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)
- ↑ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-478107-4.
External links
- Carme Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration
- David Jewitt pages
- Jupiter's Known Satellites (by Scott S. Sheppard)
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