Carei

Carei (Romanian pronunciation: [kaˈrej]; German: Grosskarol/Großkarl; Hungarian: Nagykároly, Hungarian pronunciation: [’nɒɟkaːroj]; Yiddish: קראלי (Karaly)) is a city in Satu Mare County, northwestern Romania, near the border with Hungary. According to the 2011 census it has 20,181 inhabintants: 55% Hungarians, 40% Romanians, 2.5% Romani, and 2.5% Germans.

Name

The city was named after an old noble family, the Károlyi. Carei administers one village, Ianculeşti (Hungarian: Szentjánosmajor). The neighbouring communities are Hungarian-speaking villages of German origin^{[citation needed]}, such as Căpleni, Urziceni, Foieni, Sanislău, Petreşti, Tiream, Căuaș and Moftin.

History

Kingdom of Hungary stamp, cancelled NAGY-KÁROLY in 1889

The first historical document mentioning the name of the city dates to March 20, 1320. The settlement was called at the time "Villa Karul".

King Louis I of Hungary permitted the organization of weekly market gatherings in Carei in 1346, as a result of the military achievements of the Károlyi family.^[1] The development of the trade in the region stimulated the wealth and expansion of the town.

Wars, plague and famine during the Middle Ages decimated the population and the Károlyi family took steps toward bringing Swabians on their lands. The first group of colonists came in 1712, opening a century-long period of gradual colonization with Swabians, Slovaks, and Jews. Effects on cultural and social life began to show: in 1725 the Piarist Gymnasium was established, in 1754 the first typography was built, and in 1756 a drugstore was opened. The light industry began to bloom in the town starting with the 19th century, when the first public institutions were also created. Carei was declared a town in 1871.

After the collapse of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I, Carei was part of the territory ceded to Romania in 1920 under the terms of the Treaty of Trianon. Between 1938-1940, under the auspices of the Third Reich, Hungary retook this territory from Romania. After World War II, however, it was taken back from Hungarian and German troops by Romanian and Soviet forces on October 25, 1944. This date has since become the Romanian Army Day. After the war ended Carei was assigned to Romania by the Treaty of Paris of 1947. Since then, Carei was located in the Baia Mare Region between 1952 and 1960, in the Maramureş region between 1960 and 1968, and since 1968, it has been part of the Satu Mare County. It was declared a city (municipiu) in 1995.

Tourism

The most important historical building in the city is the Károlyi castle. Built originally as a fortress around the 14th century, it was converted to a castle in 1794, undergoing further transformations during the 19th century. The manor is surrounded by a dendrological park covering a surface of about 30 acres (120,000 m²) and containing a great variety of species of trees and plants.

Natives

Eric Bicfalvi, Romanian footballer
Miklós Bródy, chess master
Iosif Budahazi, Hungarian Romanian fencer
Dionisiu Bumb, Romanian footballer
Oszkár Jászi, Hungarian Jewish social scientist, historian, and politician
Margit Kaffka, Hungarian female writer and poet
Gáspár Károli, Hungarian Calvinist pastor, he translated the Bible to Hungarian in 1586
Adrian Sălăgeanu, Romanian footballer

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Carei is twinned with:

Dębica, Poland^[2]^[3]
Orosháza, Hungary since 1991
Nyírbátor, Hungary since 2000

Climate

Carei has a continental climate, characterized by hot dry summers and cold winters. As the city is in the far north of the country, winter is colder than the national average. The average annual temperature is 9.6 °C (49 °F).^[4]

Climate data for Satu Mare
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	1 (34)	3 (37)	10 (50)	15 (59)	20 (68)	22 (72)	25 (77)	25 (77)	21 (70)	15 (59)	7 (45)	2 (36)	13 (55)
Average low °C (°F)	−5 (23)	−3 (27)	1 (34)	5 (41)	9 (48)	12 (54)	13 (55)	13 (55)	10 (50)	5 (41)	0 (32)	−2 (28)	5 (41)
Precipitation cm (inches)	2 (0.8)	2 (0.8)	2 (0.8)	4 (1.6)	7 (2.8)	8 (3.1)	8 (3.1)	7 (2.8)	4 (1.6)	4 (1.6)	3 (1.2)	2 (0.8)	59 (23.2)
Source: weatherbase.com^[5]

Gallery

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1910	16,078	—
1930	16,042	−0.2%
1948	15,425	−3.8%
1956	16,780	+8.8%
1966	19,686	+17.3%
1977	24,050	+22.2%
1992	26,372	+9.7%
2002	25,590	−3.0%
2011	20,181	−21.1%
Source: Census data

Saint Joseph Calasanctius Church
The Calvinist church
The synagogue
The town hall
The Romanian Soldiers' Monument
The Károlyi castle
The Károlyi castle
The Károlyi castle
The castle's water tower
Coat of Arms on the wall of the Károlyi castle

References

↑ Ujfalussy Amadil: Nagykároly
↑ "Partnerstwo Samorządów Siłą Europy". Europa Miast (in Polish). Retrieved 2013-08-13.
↑ "Dębica -Miasta Partnerskie" [Dębica - Parnership Cities]. Rząd Miejski w Dębicy - Współpraca - Europa Miast [Dębica town council in cooperation with Europa Miast] (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. Retrieved 2013-08-13.
↑ "Geografie" (in Romanian). www.satu-mare.ro. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
↑ "Weatherbase data for Satu Mare". Retrieved 2009-06-22.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carei.

Official site of Carei (Romanian)
Nagykárolyi Napló (Hungarian)

v t e Satu Mare County, Romania

Cities	Satu Mare (county seat) Carei

Towns	Ardud Negrești-Oaș Tășnad Livada

Communes	Acâș Agriș Andrid Apa Bătarci Beltiug Berveni Bixad Bârsău Bogdand Botiz Călinești-Oaș Cămărzana Cămin Căpleni Căuaș Cehal Certeze Ciumești Craidorolț Crucișor Culciu Doba Dorolț Foieni Gherța Mică Halmeu Hodod Homoroade Lazuri Medieșu Aurit Micula Moftin Odoreu Orașu Nou Păulești Petrești Pir Pișcolt Pomi Porumbești Racșa Sanislău Santău Săcășeni Săuca Socond Supur Tarna Mare Terebești Tiream Târșolț Turț Turulung Urziceni Valea Vinului Vetiș Viile Satu Mare Vama

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.