Cardillac

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Paul Hindemith

Cardillac is an opera by Paul Hindemith in three acts and four scenes. Ferdinand Lion wrote the libretto based on the short story Das Fräulein von Scuderi by E.T.A. Hoffmann.

Performance history

The first performance was at the Staatsoper, Dresden on 9 November 1926. It was promptly performed throughout Germany.[1] Although Britain had to wait until 1970 for a staged performance, a concert performance was presented at the Queen's Hall, London, on 18 December 1936, with the BBC Symphony Orchestra conducted by Clarence Raybould, and starring Miriam Licette as Cardillac's daughter.[2][3]

Hindemith revised both the score and the text, for the reason that, according to Ian Kemp, the musical idiom "seemed crude and undisciplined".[4] This second version was first performed at the Zurich Stadttheater on 20 June 1952. Hans-Ludwig Schilling has published a comparison of the two versions.[5] After 1953, Hindemith sanctioned only the 1952 revised version for theatrical performances. However, after the composer's death in 1963, the original version became available again for production.[6]

The opera's Italian premiere took place in 1948 at the Venice Biennale as part of the Venice Festival of Contemporary Music XI. [7] The American premiere took place at The Santa Fe Opera in 1967.[8] The New Opera Company presented the first staged UK performances in March 1970 at Sadler's Wells.[9]

Roles

Role Voice type Premiere cast[10]
9 November 1926
(Conductor: Fritz Busch[11])
Cardillac, the goldsmith baritone Robert Burg
Cardillac's daughter soprano Claire Born
The officer tenor Max Hirzel
The gold merchant bass Adolph Schoepfin
The courtier (cavalier) tenor Ludwig Max Eybisch
The lady soprano Grete Merrem-Nikisch
Provost marshal bass Paul Schöffler

Synopsis

The setting is Paris in the 17th century.

Act 1

Scene I: The crowd is agitated about a series of recent mysterious murders. The police calm the crowd. The goldsmith Cardillac enters the scene and the atmosphere becomes hushed. The Lady asks the Cavalier about the goldsmith Cardillac, and the Cavalier tells of the goldsmith and his priceless jewelry. The Lady promises the Cavalier a tryst that evening if he can bring her Cardillac's most beautiful work. Scene II: The Lady and the Cavalier enjoy their tryst and the Cavalier delivers one of Cardillac's belts. A masked figure steals into the bedroom and fatally stabs the Cavalier. The Lady faints and the mysterious figure leaves with the belt.

Act 2

The Gold Merchant mentions to Cardillac the latest murder that involved the theft of a recent work of Cardillac. The Gold Merchant has his suspicions about the identity of the murderer. Cardillac orders his daughter to watch over his work. She does so and awaits her lover, the Officer. Cardillac returns, and it becomes clear that he values the articles he has crafted more than he does his daughter. Cardillac then meets the King and offers to create his greatest work of art for him. The Officer enters to ask Cardillac for his daughter's hand in marriage, and Cardillac consents. Though the Officer realizes how much Cardillac values his creations over his own daughter, he offers money for one of the goldsmith's chains. After the Officer leaves, Cardillac indicates that he himself is the murderer.

Act 3

In a tavern, the Officer wears the chain, presenting himself as a target for the murderer. Cardillac enters and wounds the Officer, but the Officer beats back the attack and holds on to the chain. He advises Cardillac to flee. The Gold Merchant then brings on a crowd and accuses Cardillac of the murders. Cardillac is brought in, followed by his daughter. The Officer defends Cardillac, rebuts the Gold Merchant's accusation, and accuses the Gold Merchant of being the murderer's accomplice. In the ensuing ensemble, Cardillac's daughter realizes her father is the murderer. The crowd sings Cardillac's praises, but as they continue, his words make them wonder about the identity of the murderer. Finally, Cardillac reveals to the crowd that he is the murderer. They demand he repent his crimes, but he makes no such gesture. The crowd then lynches Cardillac. With his final gesture before dying, he reaches out for the chain around the Officer's neck, not his daughter. The Officer and Cardillac's daughter swear mutual devotion.

Recordings

References

Notes
  1. ↑ Chris Walton, Othmar Schoeck: Life and Works(Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2009), 153
  2. ↑ Music Web International: Miriam Licette, Charles A Hooey
  3. ↑ Encyclopedia.com: Michael Kennedy and Joyce Bourne, "Cardillac", The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music 1996, accessed May 2, 2010
  4. ↑ Ian Kemp, "Hindemith's Cardillac". The Musical Times, pp. 268–269, 271 (1970).
  5. ↑ Review of "Paul Hindemiths Cardillac. Beiträge zu einem Vergleich der beiden Opernfassungen-Stilkriterien im Schaffen Hindemiths", Music & Letters, pp. 288–291 (1963)
  6. ↑ Muriel Hebert Wolf, "Review of Cardillac: Paul Hindemith", Opera Quarterly, 1, pp. 133–134 (1983).
  7. ↑ La Divina Maria Callas: "A 'divine' love between Maria Callas and Venice", accessed 2 May 2010
  8. ↑ Cragg Hines, "Another reason to visit Santa Fe: the opera", Houston Chronicle, 10 January 2007
  9. ↑ Winton Dean, "Music in London: Cardillac", The Musical Times, pp. 514–515 (1970)
  10. ↑ "Almannaco 9 November 1926" (in Italian). AmadeusOnline. Retrieved 12 September 2010. 
  11. ↑ Schott Music: Cardillac, accessed May 2, 2010
Sources
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