Canis lepophagus

Canis lepophagus Temporal range: Miocene–Pleistocene PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Canidae
Genus:	Canis
Species:	†C. lepophagus
Binomial name
†Canis lepophagus Miller and Carranza-Castaneda 1998
Range of Canis lepophagus based on fossil distribution

Timeline of canids highlighting Canis lepophagus in red (Tedford & Wang)

Canis lepophagus, the hare-eating wolf or Johnston's coyote is an extinct species of canid which was endemic to much of North America and lived from the Miocene epoch through Early Pleistocene, 10.3—1.8 Mya.^[1] The species existed for about 8.5 million years. It is one of the more basal species of Canis, having existed before most of the major clades split. It was a small, narrow-skulled canid which may have given rise to grey wolves and coyotes. Some larger, broader-skulled C. lepophagus fossils found in northern Texas may represent the ancestral stock from which true wolves derive.^[2]

Canid competitors

The Johnston's coyote lived during a period with other Canidae, specifically Borophaginae such as Epicyon (20.6—5.330 Mya), Paratomarctus (16.3—5.3 Mya), Borophagus (23.3—3.6 Mya), Carpocyon (20.4—3.9 Mya), and Aelurodon (23.03—4.9 Mya).

Fossil distribution

The Johnston's coyote was named by Johnson in 1938. The first fossil record was found in Cita Canyon, Texas. Subsequent discoveries of specimens were found in four other Texas sites, Tonuco Mountain, New Mexico, western Washington^[3] Sante Fe River, Florida,^[4] Black Ranch in northern California, sites in Nebraska, Idaho, Utah, and Oklahoma.

A specimen was estimated by Legendre and Roth to weigh 18.5 kg (40.7 lbs) and another specimen was estimated to weigh 17 kg (37.4 lbs).^[5]

References