Campbell-Railton Blue Bird

Campbell-Railton Blue Bird
Overview
Manufacturer	bodywork by Gurney Nutting
Production	one-off (1933)
Designer	Reid Railton
Body and chassis
Body style	front-engined land speed record car.
Related	Campbell-Napier-Railton Blue Bird
Powertrain
Engine	2,300 hp 36.7 litre supercharged Rolls-Royce R V12
Dimensions
Wheelbase	13ft 8in (4.17 m), Track front 5ft 3in (1.60 m), rear 5 feet (1.5 m)
Length	27 feet (8.2 m)
Curb weight	95 cwt (4.75tons)

The Campbell-Railton Blue Bird was Sir Malcolm Campbell's final land speed record car.

His previous Campbell-Napier-Railton Blue Bird of 1931 was rebuilt significantly. The overall layout and the simple twin deep chassis rails remained, but little else. The bodywork remained similar, with the narrow body, the tombstone radiator grille and the semi-spatted wheels, but the mechanics were new. Most significantly, a larger, heavier and considerably more powerful Rolls-Royce R V12 engine replaced the old Napier Lion, again with supercharger.^[1] This required two prominent "knuckles" atop the bodywork, to cover the V12 engine's camboxes.^[2][3][4]

1933

External images

1933 Blue Bird[2]

1933 Blue Bird from the rear[3]

Blue Bird's first run was back at Daytona, setting a record of 272 miles per hour (438 km/h) on 22 February 1933.

Campbell now had a car with all the power that he could want, but no way to use all of it. Wheelspin was a problem, losing perhaps 50 miles per hour (80 km/h) from the top speed.^[1]

1935

on Daytona Beach in 1935

Modern Lledo toy of the 1935 Blue Bird

External images

Running at Brooklands[5]

On the banking at Brooklands[6]

1935 engine and chassis in the workshops, bodywork removed. Note the airbrake actuating cylinder[7]

Visually the car was quite different. The bodywork was now rectangular in cross section and spanned the full width over the wheels. Although actually higher, this increased width gave the impression of a much lower and sleeker car, accentuated by the long stabilising tailfin and the purposeful raised ridges over the engine camboxes.^[8] This Blue Bird was clearly a design of the Modernist '30s, not the brute heroism of the '20s.^[5][6]

Mechanically the changes to the car had focussed on improving the traction, rather than increasing the already generous power. Double wheels and tyres were fitted to the rear axle, to improve grip.^[9] The final drive was also split into separate drives to each side. This reduced the load on each drive, allowed the driver position to be lowered, but required the wheelbase to be shortened asymmetrically on one side by 1½"(37 mm).^[7] Airbrakes were fitted, actuated by a large air cylinder. For extra streamlining the radiator air intake could be closed by a movable flap, for a brief period during the record itself.^[10]

Blue Bird made its first record runs back on Daytona Beach in early 1935. On 7 March 1935 Campbell improved his record to 276.82 mph (445.5 kph), but the unevenness of the sand caused a loss of grip and he knew the car was capable of more.^[11]

The faster car needed a bigger and smoother arena, and this led to the Bonneville Salt Flats of Utah. This time the young Donald Campbell accompanied his father. On 3 September 1935, the 300 mph barrier fell by a bare mile-per-hour, crowning Sir Malcolm Campbell's record-breaking career.^[12][13]

Survival today

Alabama Motor Speedway Hall of Fame, Talladega, Alabama, USA

There is a replica in the Campbell gallery at the Lakeland Motor Museum, England

References

• "record-breaking Pendine Sands" (photos). Sand Speed Wales.  Many rare period photos.