Cadmium nitrate
| Cadmium nitrate | |
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| IUPAC name Cadmium(II) nitrate | |
| Other names Nitric acid, cadmium salt | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 10325-94-7  , 10022-68-1 (tetrahydrate) |
| ChemSpider | 23498 |
| Jmol-3D images | {{#if:[Cd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O|Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | Cd(NO3)2 |
| Molar mass | 236.42 g/mol |
| Appearance | white crystals hygroscopic |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 3.60 g/cm3, solid (anhydrous) 2.455 g/cm3 (trihdyrate) |
| Melting point | 360 °C (anhydrous) 59.5 °C (trihydrate) |
| Boiling point | 132 °C (trihydrate) |
| Solubility in water | 325 g/100 mL (15 °C) 156 g/100 mL (25 °C) |
| Solubility | soluble in acids, ammonia, alcohol, ethanol, ether, acetone |
| Magnetic susceptibility | -55 x 10 -6 cu.cm/mol (tetrahydrate) |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | cubic (anhydrous) orthorhombic (trihydrate) |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | Science Lab MSDS |
| EU Index | 048-001-00-5 |
| EU classification | Harmful (Xn) Dangerous for the environment (N) |
| R-phrases | R20/21/22, R50/53 |
| S-phrases | (S2), S60, S61 |
| NFPA 704 |
 0
3
1
OX
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| LD50 | 300 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Cadmium acetate, Cadmium chloride, Cadmium sulfate |
| Other cations | Zinc nitrate, Calcium nitrate, Magnesium nitrate |
(verify) (what is: / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | |
| Infobox references | |
Cadmium nitrate describes any of the related members of a family of inorganic compound with the general formula Cd(NO3)2.xH2O. The anhydrous form is volatile but the others are salts. All are colourless crystalline solids that absorb moisture from air and becomes watery, that is deliquescent. Cadmium compounds are also known to be carcinogenic.
Uses
Cadmium nitrate is used for coloring glass and porcelain[1] and as a flash powder in photography.
Preparation
Cadmium nitrate is prepared by dissolving cadmium metal or its oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate, in nitric acid followed by crystallization:
- CdO + 2HNO3 → Cd(NO3)2 + H2O
- CdCO3 + 2 HNO3 → Cd(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O
- Cd + 4 HNO3 → 2 NO2 + 2 H2O + Cd(NO3)2
Reactions
Thermal dissociation at elevated temperatures produces cadmium oxide and oxides of nitrogen. When hydrogen sulfide is passed through an acidified solution of cadmium nitrate, yellow cadmium sulfide is formed. A red modification of the sulfide is formed under boiling conditions.
When with caustic soda solution, cadmium oxide forms precipitate of cadmium hydroxide. Many insoluble cadmium salts are obtained by such precipitation reactions.
References
- ↑ Karl-Heinz Schulte-Schrepping, Magnus Piscator "Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2007 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_499.
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