Bush plane

Bush airplane
An American Champion Scout. Note the oversized tundra tires, for use on rough surfaces.

A bush plane or bushplane or (rarely) bush airplane is a fixed-wing aircraft used by general aviation, airlines and the military to provide access to remote, undeveloped areas of a country. They are used where ground transportation infrastructure is inadequate or doesn't exist,^[1] such as the Alaskan tundra, Northern Canada (or bush), the African bush, the Australian Outback or Antarctica.

Common traits

Since a bush plane is defined by how it is used, a wide variety of different aircraft with different configurations have been used over the years as such, however experience has shown certain traits to be desirable, and so appear frequently, especially on aircraft specifically designed as bush planes. None of these traits are mandatory - merely that they are commonly seen features of bush planes.

• The undercarriage is designed to be fitted with floats, skis or wheel/skis to permit operation from water or snow (primarily for Alaskan, Canadian and Russian use).
• High wings ease loading and unloading, particularly from docks, as well as improve downward visibility during flight and increase clearance to reduce the potential for damage during landing or take-off. A high wing is less likely to be damaged during loading or unloading than a low wing.
• Conventional or "taildragger" landing gear—two large main wheels and a small rear wheel reduce both weight and drag, increasing the load the aircraft can carry and its speed and it reduces excessive stresses on the airframe compared to a nosewheel. A failure is also less critical as a broken tailwheel is easily repaired and won't prevent the aircraft from flying, unlike a broken nosewheel.
• Short runway requirements, typically gained through high aspect ratio wings and high-lift devices such as flaps, slots and slats to improve low speed flight characteristics, allowing for shorter ground rolls on landing or takeoff.
• Very large, low-pressure tundra tires may be fitted to enable the pilot to operate from broken ground. It is not uncommon for a bush pilot to land (and takeoff) from unprepared surfaces.

Current and historical bush planes

Years in brackets are of first flight.

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Aviation museums with large collections of bush planes

• Alberta Aviation Museum
• Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum
• Canada Aviation and Space Museum
• Canadian Bushplane Heritage Centre
• Western Canada Aviation Museum

Appearances in the media

• Ice Pilots NWT - TV show about flying in the Canadian bush
• Flying Wild Alaska - TV documentary about bush flying in Alaska
• Alaska Wing Men - National Geographic documentary about bush flying

See also

• List of STOL aircraft
• Floatplane
• Ontario Provincial Air Service - played major role in the development of bush flying and bushplanes.

References

Bibliography

• Anderson, Frank W.; Downs, Art (2004). The Death of Albert Johnson - Mad Trapper of Rat River. Surrey, BC: Heritage House Publishing Co. ISBN 1-894384-03-2. 
• Boer, Peter (2004). Bush Pilots - Canada's Wilderness Daredevils. Canada: Folklore Publishing. ISBN 1-894864-12-3. 
• Cole, Dermot (1986). Frank Barr - Bush pilot in Alaska and the Yukon. Edmonds, WA: Alaska Northwest Publishing Co. ISBN 0-88240-314-1. 
• Foster, J.A. (1990). The Bush Pilots - A pictoral history of a Canadian phenomenon. Toronto, ON: McClelland & Stewart Inc. ISBN 0-7710-3245-5. 
• Keith, Ronald A. (1972). Bush Pilot with a briefcase. Toronto, ON: Doubleday Canada. ISBN 0-385-07049-7. 
• Matheson, Shirlee Smith (1994). Flying the Frontiers. Saskatoon, SK: Fifth House. ISBN 978-1895618518. 
• Terpening, Rex (2006). Bent Props and Blow Pots - A Pioneer Remembers Northern Bush Flying. Madeira Park, BC: Harour Publishing. ISBN 1-55017-381-2. 
• West, Bruce (1974). The Firebirds - How bush flying earned its wings. Ministry of Natural Resources (Ontario). ASIN B0089GQ3EE. 
• Milberry, Larry (1985). Austin Airways - Canada's Oldest Airline. Toronto, ON: CANAV Books. ISBN 978-0969070337. 
• Pocock, CC (1st ed 2009 - 2nd ed 2014). Bush & Mountain Flying 2nd edition- a comprehensive guide to advanced techniques and procedures. South Africa & USA: Bush Air http://www.bushair.co/books.htm. ISBN 978-0-620-49666-7.  Check date values in: |date= (help)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bush planes.

• Bush-planes.com