Buchach

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Buchach
Бучач
Panoramic view of Buchach in 2012.

Coat of arms
Buchach
Map of Ukraine with Buchach highlighted.
Coordinates: 49°05′00″N 25°24′00″E / 49.08333°N 25.40000°E / 49.08333; 25.40000Coordinates: 49°05′00″N 25°24′00″E / 49.08333°N 25.40000°E / 49.08333; 25.40000
Country  Ukraine
Oblast  Ternopil Oblast
Raion Buchach Raion
First mention 1260
Magdeburg Rights 1393(first), 1515(second)
Government
 • City Head Iosyf Mostsipan
Area
 • Total 9.98 km2 (3.85 sq mi)
Population (2001 census)
 • Total 12,511
 • Density 1,253.6/km2 (3,247/sq mi)
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code 48400 — 48401
Area code(s) +380 3544
Website http://rada.gov.ua/

Buchach (Ukrainian: Бучач; Polish: Buczacz, Turkish: Bucaş) is a city located on the Strypa River (a tributary of the Dniester) in Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Buchach Raion (district), and rests 135 kilometres (84 miles) south east of Lviv, in the historic region of Galicia.

The current estimated population is around 12,500 (as of the 2001 Ukrainian census).

History

The earliest recorded mention of Buchach is in 1260. Halychyna (Galicia) was occupied by Poland at the end of the 14th century. It was during this time that the area experienced a large influx of Polish, Jewish and Armenian settlers.

Its founders were leading Halychyna (Galicia) aristocrats, and among its early settlers were Germans Jews, coming to inhabit a predominantly Ukrainian rural milieu. With the unification of Poland and Lithuania in 1569, the newly united kingdom extended from the Baltic to the Black Sea. Owing to its importance as a market town, Buchach had become a prominent trading centre linking the Poland and the Ottoman Empire. In 1672 and again in 1675 the town was captured by the Ottoman Turks.

The old city hall of Buchach, a joint work of architect Bernard Meretyn and sculptor Jan Jerzy Pinzel.

In 1772, Halychyna (Galicia) was annexed by Austria as part of the First Partition of Poland. Industry came to Buchach around the end of the 19th century. Among the small-scale industries there included a brickworks, and candle and soap factory, (modern) flour mills, a textile plant, and a necktie factory. The town also boasted a brewery and a winery. The largest factory was established early in the 1900s, when the Hilfesverein concern of Vienna set up a plant for the manufacture of wooden toys in Buchach employing some 200 workers, mainly young girls. In 1912 the Stanislaviv-based Savings and Credit Union opened a branch in Buchach, and this served as a bank for local industrialists and business. Buchach remained a part of Austria and its successor states until the end of the First World War in 1918. The town was briefly a part of the independent West Ukrainian People's Republic before it was captured by the Republic of Poland in 1920.

In World War II, Eastern Halychyna (Galicia), including Buchach, was annexed by the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR (see Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact). In 1941, it was invaded by Nazi Germany. The town was returned to the Soviet Union after the war. After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, Buchach became a part of newly independent Ukraine.

Coat of Arms

The coat of arms of Buchach originated from the Pilawa coat of arms, which was used by the Potocki family.

People from Buchach

Shmuel Yosef Agnon.
  • Mykola Bevz — Ukrainian scientist, member of ICOMOS from Ukraine[1]
  • Ihor Pylatiuk — Ukrainian scientist, musician, the rector and professor of the violin department of Lviv National Musical Academy named after Mykola Lysenko[2]
  • Jan Adamski - Polish film actor and writer,
  • Shmuel Yosef Agnon (1888–1970), Nobel Prize-winning author
  • Michal Buczacki - Polish nobleman, the Voivode of Podole, and the Castellan of Halicz in 1433–37,
  • Dawid Buczacki - Voivode of Podole in the late 15th century,
  • Jakub Buczacki - royal secretary and Bishop of Płock in the first half of the 16th century,
  • Leopold Pamula - Polish Airforce pilot, who fought in the Invasion of Poland,
  • Antoni Opolski - physisist, rector of Opole University,
  • Jan Jerzy Pinzel - Baroque sculptor,
  • Simon Wiesenthal
  • Emanuel Ringelblum
  • Alicia Appleman-Jurman
  • Abraham David ben Asher Anshel Buczacz
  • Mina Rosner
  • Ruben Feldschu (Ben Shem) (1900-1980), Zionist author and political activist[3]
  • Wladyslaw Zych - Polish scientist, geologist and soldier of the Home Army.

Communications

The closest international airports are:

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Ukraine

Twin towns and sister cities

Buchach is currently twinned with:

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Buchach.

References

  1. ↑ MYKOLA BEVZ
  2. ↑ Academical Chamber Orchestra HARMONIA NOBILE
  3. ↑ Laurence Weinbaum, "Shaking the Dust Off" The Story of the Warsaw Ghetto's Forgotten Chronicler, Jewish Political Studies Review Vol. 22 No. 3-4 (Fall 2010).
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Urban-type settlements · Category:Ternopil Oblast
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