Brownsville, British Columbia

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Brownsville was a former community in what is now the City of Surrey, British Columbia, Canada. Also known as South Westminster, it was located where the city ran a small ferry across the Fraser River, today approximately where the east footing of the Skytrain bridge is, this was also the former site of Kikait, one of the main summer villages of the Kwantlen people.[1]

History

The town was named after Ebenezer Brown, who owned property in the area and had come from England in 1858-1859 during the Fraser Gold Rush. He was a stonemason and made the border monument at Point Roberts. He served on New Westminster's city council and later was elected as MLA for New Westminster, then for New Westminster City, and became President of the Executive Council of British Columbia (i.e. the cabinet). Issues about conflict of interest in connection with railway building led to his retirement from politics in 1881.[2]

Kikait/Qiqayt

The indigenous summer village called Kikait, modern spelling Qiqayt, was at the site of Brownsville prior to Ebenezer Brown taking up land there.[3] The Kwikwetlem people had been driven from the site of New Westminster by the Kwantlen people, who had enslaved them and forced them to the site of Kikait, which had been marshy until filled by them with rocks and stones to make a village site for the Kwantlens. Simon Fraser is said to have spent a night here on his way to the mouth of the Fraser in 1808.[4]

The chief of this community was Whattlekainum, the son of a Tsawwwassen woman who was raised at Tsawwassen but is also regarded as a chief by the Katzie and Kwantlen. Though this was primarily a Kwantlen camp, it was also used by the Tsawwassen and other Hun'qum'i'num groups. Salmon and sturgeon were processed for storage here, to be taken to the winter villages elsewhere. A church for native use was also built in the community. The chief at this community, Whattlekinum, was the son of a Tsawwassen woman and was trained at Tsawwassen. While closely associated with the Kwantlen people, this former fishing camp was used by the Tsawwassen and other Hun'qum'i'num groups during late summers. Salmon and sturgeon were caught and processed here before being brought back for storage at the longhouses of the winter villages. This was also the site of a church in which many marriages and baptisms were conducted for the Hun'qum'i'num people of the Lower Fraser.[5]

Until broken up in 1879, this was the South Westminster Indian Reserve.[6]

Railway point

The name Brownsville was used for a railway point just south of this location by the Burlington Northern Railway.[7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ BC Names entry "Brownsville (former locality)"
  2. ↑ letter from John C. Brown, another former MLA, January 14 1927, quoted in Place Names of the Delta of the Fraser River, Denys Nelson, 1927, unpublished manuscript held in the Provincial Archives, quoted in BC Names entry "Brownsville (former locality)"]
  3. ↑ BC Names entry "Qiqayt (former Indian village)"
  4. ↑ [Place Names of the Delta of the Fraser River, Denys Nelson, 1927, unpublished manuscript held in the Provincial Archives, quoted in BC Names "Brownsville (former locality)"
  5. ↑ BC Names entry "Qiqayt (former Indian village)"
  6. ↑ cited on Qayqayt First Nation
  7. ↑ BC Names entry "Brownsville (railway point)"

Coordinates: 49°12′20″N 122°53′00″W / 49.20556°N 122.88333°W / 49.20556; -122.88333

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