Brighton by-election, 1905

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The Brighton by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

Vacancy

Gerald Loder had been Conservative MP for the seat of Brighton since the Brighton by-election, 1889. He vacated his seat upon appointment as Lord Commissioner of the Treasury so as to seek re-election.

Electoral history

The seat had been Conservative since they gained it in 1885. They easily held both seats at the last election;

General Election January 1900^[1] Electorate 18,634
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Gerald Walter Erskine Loder	7,858
	Conservative	Bruce Canning Vernon-Wentworth	6,626	34.6
	Independent Conservative	J. Kensit	4,693	24.5
Turnout				62.2
Majority			1,933	10.1
	Conservative hold		Swing
Majority
	Conservative hold		Swing

Candidates

The Conservatives re-selected 44 year-old Gerald Loder to defend the seat. He was private secretary to the President of the Local Government Board (Charles Ritchie) from 1888 to 1892 and to Lord George Hamilton (the Secretary of State for India) from 1896 to 1901.^[2]

The local Liberal Association selected 42 year-old Ernest Villiers as their candidate. He was ordained as an Anglican priest. After three years as a curate in Halifax, he became rector of Haveringland, Norfolk. He resigned from holy orders to pursue a political career.^[3]

Campaign

Polling Day was fixed for the 5th April 1905.

Result

The Liberals gained the seat from the Conservatives;

Brighton by-election, 1905^[4] Electorate 20,439
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Rev. Ernest Amherst Villiers	8,209	52.6
	Conservative	Gerald Walter Erskine Loder	7,392	47.4
Turnout				76.3
Majority			817
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing

Aftermath

At the following General Election, the Liberals gained the other seat from the Conservatives, the result was;

General Election January 1906^[5] Electorate 20,976
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Rev. Ernest Amherst Villiers	9,062	26.4	n/a
	Liberal	Edward Aurelian Ridsdale	8,919	26.0
	Conservative	George Clement Tryon	8,188	23.8
	Conservative	Hon. John Edward Gordon	8,176	23.8
Turnout				82.5
Majority			731	2.2
	Liberal hold		Swing
Majority
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing

References

↑ British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig
↑ Who's Who
↑ Who's Who
↑ British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig
↑ British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 by Craig

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1900	December: Dover Preston Guildford Wellington Woodbridge West Derbyshire Blackpool North Monaghan

1901	February: Stretford March: Maidstone May: Monmouth Boroughs Mid Cork Oswestry Saffron Walden June: Stratford-on-Avon July: Wokingham August: Andover September: North East Lanarkshire November: Galway

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1903	January: Newmarket Liverpool West Derby February: South Antrim East Perthshire Dublin University March: Galway Woolwich Rye North Fermanagh Chertsey April: Camborne May: Preston South Kildare July: Barnard Castle August: Argyll September: St Andrews Burghs Rochester October: North Leitrim South Meath Belfast West Warwick and Leamington Westhoughton Fareham Londonderry November: Chorley Ludlow December: Dulwich Lewisham

1904	January: Ashburton Norwich Gateshead Ayr Burghs February: City of London St Albans Birmingham South March: Normanton Rossendale East Dorset Dublin St Stephen's Green April: Isle of Wight June: West Cavan Harborough Devonport July: Sowerby Chertsey Oswestry August: Reading North East Lanarkshire Cork October: Isle of Thanet November: West Monmouthshire Horsham

1905	January: Stalybridge Mile End North Dorset February: North Kildare Liverpool Everton March: Appleby Bute April: Brighton June: Whitby Chichester Cork North Donegal Finsbury East July: Kingswinford West Down Carlisle September: Elgin Burghs Belfast North October: Barkston Ash Hampstead November: Normanton December: New Forest

Lists of UK by-elections 1801–1806 1806–1818 1818–1832 1832–1847 1847–1857 1857–1868 1868–1885 1885–1900 1900–1918 1918–1931 1931–1950 1950–1979 1979–present

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